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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Hypsometry of glaciated landscapes
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Hypsometry of glaciated landscapes

机译：冰川景观的水压法

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Hypsometry (frequency distribution of elevations) is often used to characterize landscape morphology, traditionally in the context of the degree of fluvial dissection. Recently, the hypsometry of glaciated regions has been used to infer how rates of glacial erosion compare with tectonic uplift rates. However, many factors other than tectonics can also exert a major influence on the hypsometry of a glaciated landscape, resulting in a wide variety of hypsometries. Using examples from the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, the western Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado, and the Ben Ohau Range, New Zealand, we demonstrate that, all else being equal, the hypsometries of neighbouring basins can indicate the relative degree of glacial modification in each. A selection of drainage basins from the Rocky Mountains shows that the position of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) within the drainage basin relief is a dominant variable in determining the hypsometry of a glaciated basin. This is a non-linear effect: once the ELA falls to some critical level, the glaciers scour deeply below the ELA, causing a noticeably different hypsometry. The hypsometry of an arbitrary region encompassing many drainage basins can disguise the variation present in the hypsometries, and thus landforms, of the individual basins. Unique local circumstances, such as the presence of a mountain icefield (Waiho Basin, Southern Alps), substantial hanging valleys (Avalanche Creek, Glacier National Park), a narrow outlet canyon (Sawmill Creek, Sierra Nevada), and isolated geologic structures (Baker Creek, Sierra Nevada), can have a major impact on the hypsometry of an individual basin.
机译：传统上，在河床解剖程度的背景下，通常使用测压法（高程的频率分布）来表征景观形态。最近，冰川地区的测绘法已被用来推断冰川侵蚀率与构造抬升率相比。但是，除了构造因素外，许多因素也可能对冰川景观的湿润度产生重大影响，从而导致各种各样的湿润性。使用来自加利福尼亚内华达山脉东部，科罗拉多州圣格雷斯特克里斯托山脉和新西兰本奥豪山脉的例子，我们证明，在所有其他条件相同的情况下，邻近盆地的催眠作用可以表明冰川变质的相对程度。每一个。从落基山脉中选择的流域盆地表明，流域盆地浮雕内的平衡线高度（ELA）的位置是确定冰川盆地水势法的主要变量。这是一种非线性效应：一旦ELA下降到某个临界水平，冰川就会在ELA下方深处冲刷，从而导致明显不同的湿度计。包含许多流域的任意区域的水压法可以掩盖各个流域的催眠层和地貌的变化。独特的当地情况，例如存在高山冰原（Waiho盆地，南阿尔卑斯山），大悬空的山谷（Avalanche Creek，冰川国家公园），狭窄的出口峡谷（Sawmill Creek，内华达山脉）和孤立的地质构造（Baker）内华达山脉的克里克）可能会对单个盆地的水压法产生重大影响。

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