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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Predicting catchment sediment yield in Mediterranean environments: the importance of sediment sources and connectivity in Italian drainage basins
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Predicting catchment sediment yield in Mediterranean environments: the importance of sediment sources and connectivity in Italian drainage basins

机译：预测地中海环境中的流域沉积物产量：意大利流域中沉积物来源和连通性的重要性

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Predicting sediment yield at the catchment scale is one of the main challenges in geomorphologic research. The application of both physics-based models and regression models has until now not provided very satisfying results for prediction of sediment yield for medium to large sized catchments (c. > 50 km(2)). The explanation for this lies in a combination of the large data requirements of most models and a lack of knowledge to describe all processes and process interactions at the catchment scale. In particular, point sources of sediment (e.g. gullies, mass movements), connectivity and sediment transport remain difficult to describe in most models. From reservoir sedimentation data of 44 Italian catchments, it appeared that there was a (non-significant) positive relation between catchment area and sediment yield. This is in contrast to what is generally expected from the theory of decreasing sediment delivery rates with increasing catchment area. Furthermore, this positive relation suggests that processes other than upland erosion are responsible for catchment sediment yield. Here we explore the potential of the Factorial Scoring Model (FSM) and the Pacific Southwest Interagency Committee (PSIAC) model to predict sediment yield, and indicate the most important sediment sources. In these models different factors are used to characterize a drainage basin in terms of sensitivity to erosion and connectivity. In both models an index is calculated that is related to sediment yield. The FSM explained between 36 and 61 per cent of the variation in sediment yield, and the PSIAC model between 57 and 62 per cent, depending on the factors used to characterize the catchments. The FSM model performed best based on a factor to describe gullies, lithology, landslides, catchment shape and vegetation. Topography and catchment area did not explain additional variance. In particular, the addition of the landslide factor resulted in a significantly increased model performance. The FSM and PSIAC model both performed better than a spatially distributed model describing water erosion and sediment transport, which was applied to the same catchments but explained only between 20 and 51 per cent of the variation in sediment yield. Model results confirmed the hypothesis that processes other than upland erosion are probably responsible for sediment yield in the Italian catchments. A promising future development of the models is by the use of detailed spatially distributed data to determine the scores, decrease model subjectivity and provide spatially distributed output. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：在集水规模上预测沉积物产量是地貌研究的主要挑战之一。到目前为止，基于物理学的模型和回归模型的应用都没有提供令人满意的结果来预测中大型流域（> 50 km（2））的沉积物产量。对此的解释在于，大多数模型都需要大量数据，而缺乏描述流域规模上所有过程和过程相互作用的知识。特别是，在大多数模型中，沉积物的点源（例如沟渠，群众运动），连通性和沉积物运输仍然难以描述。从意大利的44个流域的储层沉积数据来看，流域面积与沉积物产量之间存在（非显着）正相关。这与通常随着流域面积增加而降低泥沙输送速率的理论所期望的相反。此外，这种积极的关系表明，除旱地侵蚀以外的其他过程都对流域沉积物的产量负责。在这里，我们探讨了因子评分模型（FSM）和太平洋西南地区跨部门委员会（PSIAC）模型预测沉积物产量并指出最重要沉积物来源的潜力。在这些模型中，根据对侵蚀和连通性的敏感性，使用不同的因素来表征流域。在这两个模型中，都计算了与沉积物产量相关的指数。 FSM解释了沉积物产量变化的36％至61％，PSIAC模型解释了流域特征的57％至62％。基于描述沟壑，岩性，滑坡，流域形状和植被的因素，FSM模型表现最佳。地形和集水区没有解释其他变化。特别是，增加滑坡因子导致模型性能显着提高。 FSM和PSIAC模型的性能均优于描述水蚀和泥沙输送的空间分布模型，后者适用于相同的流域，但仅解释了泥沙产量变化的20％至51％。模型结果证实了这样的假设，即意大利流域的沉积物产量可能与旱地侵蚀以外的过程有关。通过使用详细的空间分布数据来确定分数，降低模型主观性并提供空间分布的输出，可以对模型进行有希望的未来发展。版权所有（c）2006 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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