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Form-flow interactions of an aeolian saucer blowout

机译:风沙盘井喷的形式流相互作用

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Airflow patterns through a saucer blowout are examined from wind speed and direction measurements made during a chinook wind event. The blowout long-axis is oriented east-west with a broad depositional apron on the east side. Wind directions during the event rotated from south-westerly to westerly, permitting an assessment of oblique and axis-parallel flows. Results show that airflow passing over the windward rim of the saucer blowout expands and decelerates, leading to flow separation and a small re-circulation zone on sheltered lee slopes. Near the deflation basin, airflow re-attaches to the blowout surface and accelerates up to a small opening in the east rim, where it can be up to 50% faster than on the windward edge. Beyond the downwind rim the airflow expands and decelerates and sand is deposited onto a broad apron. Similar to coastal trough blowouts, the degree of airflow steering and acceleration along the deflation basin is determined by the angle of incidence between the approach wind and the long-axis of the blowout. As the angle of incidence increases wind speed accelerates at 0.3 m above the surface of the deflation basin and the degree of airflow steering increases. Overall, a two-fold process is identified, where south-westerly flows have greater potential for eroding the deflation basin, while westerly flows have greater potential for evacuating sand from within the blowout. Visual observations indicate that sand eroded from the deflation basin during south-westerly flows is re-distributed to adjacent zones of low wind speed until axis-parallel winds evacuate the sand through the opening in the east rim. Morphometric changes since 1994 indicate that the blowout morphology has remained relatively constant, suggesting a persistent interplay between oblique and axis-parallel wind erosion events. Collectively, these findings indicate that the angle of approach winds is an important control on saucer blowout morphodynamics.
机译:通过在切努克风事件期间进行的风速和风向测量来检查通过碟形喷口的气流模式。井喷长轴是东西向的,东边有宽的沉积围裙。事件期间的风向从西南向西旋转,可以评估斜流和轴平行流。结果表明,通过碟形吹管上风边缘的气流会膨胀和减速,从而导致气流分离,并在有风的背风坡道上形成一个小的回流区。在放气池附近,气流重新附着到井喷表面,并加速到东缘的一个小开口,在这里它的风速比上风边缘快50%。除顺风轮缘外,气流扩大并减速,沙子沉积在宽阔的围裙上。与沿海低谷井喷相似,沿放气池的气流转向和加速度的程度由进风和井喷长轴之间的入射角确定。随着入射角的增加,风速在放气池表面上方0.3 m处加速,气流转向程度增加。总的来说,确定了两个过程,其中西南气流具有更大的潜力侵蚀通缩盆地,而西风气流具有更大的潜力从井喷内部疏散沙子。视觉观察表明,在西南气流期间从通气池中侵蚀的沙子重新分配到低风速的相邻区域,直到平行轴风将沙子从东缘的开口中抽出为止。自1994年以来的形态变化表明,井喷形态保持相对恒定,表明倾斜风蚀和轴平行风蚀事件之间存在持续的相互作用。总的来说,这些发现表明进风角度是对碟形爆破形态动力学的重要控制。

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