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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Factors controlling the morphology and volume (V)-length (L) relations of permanent gullies in the northern Ethiopian Highlands
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Factors controlling the morphology and volume (V)-length (L) relations of permanent gullies in the northern Ethiopian Highlands

机译：控制北部埃塞俄比亚高地永久性沟壑的形态和体积（V）-长度（L）关系的因素

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摘要

Small-scale aerial photographs and high-resolution satellite images, available for Ethiopia since the second half of the twentieth century as for most countries, allow only the length of gullies to be determined. Understanding the development of gully volumes therefore requires that empirical relations between gully volume (V) and length (L) are established in the field. So far, such V-L relations have been proposed for a limited number of gullies/environments and were especially developed for ephemeral gullies. In this study, V-L relations were established for permanent gullies in northern Ethiopia, having a total length of 152km. In order to take the regional variability in environmental characteristics into account, factors that control gully cross-sectional morphology were studied from 811 cross-sections. This indicated that the lithology and the presence of check dams or low-active channels were the most important controls of gully cross-sectional shape and size. Cross-sectional size could be fairly well predicted by their drainage area. The V-L relation for the complete dataset was V=0·562L ~(1·381) (n=33, r~2=0·94, with 34·9% of the network having check dams and/or being low-active). Producing such relations for the different lithologies and percentages of the gully network having check dams and/or being low-active allows historical gully development from historical remote sensing data to be assessed. In addition, gully volume was also related to its catchments area (A) and catchment slope gradient (S_c). This study demonstrates that V-L and V-A×S_c relations can be very suitable for planners to assess gully volume, but that the establishment of such relations is necessarily region-specific.
机译：自20世纪下半叶以来，埃塞俄比亚和大多数国家/地区一样，可以使用小型航空照片和高分辨率卫星图像，只能确定出水沟的长度。因此，了解沟渠体积的发展需要在野外建立沟渠体积（V）和长度（L）之间的经验关系。迄今为止，已经针对有限数量的沟渠/环境提出了这种V-L关系，并且特别针对临时沟渠开发了这种V-L关系。在这项研究中，为埃塞俄比亚北部的永久性沟渠建立了V-L关系，全长152 km。为了考虑环境特征的区域差异，从811个断面中研究了控制沟渠断面形态的因素。这表明岩性和止回坝或低活性通道的存在是对沟渠的横截面形状和大小的最重要控制。可以通过其排水面积很好地预测横截面尺寸。完整数据集的VL关系为V = 0·562L〜（1·381）（n = 33，r〜2 = 0·94，其中34·9％的网络具有止水坝和/或处于低活动状态）。为具有止水坝和/或低活性的沟渠网络的不同岩性和百分比产生这样的关系使得可以评估来自历史遥感数据的历史沟壑发展。此外，沟渠体积还与其流域面积（A）和流域坡度梯度（S_c）有关。这项研究表明，V-L和V-A×S_c关系可能非常适合计划人员评估沟渠体积，但是建立这种关系必然是特定于区域的。

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