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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Catchment response to lava damming: integrating field observation, geochronology and landscape evolution modelling
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Catchment response to lava damming: integrating field observation, geochronology and landscape evolution modelling

机译：流域对熔岩坝筑坝的响应：整合野外观察，年代学和景观演化模型

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Combining field reconstruction and landscape evolution modelling can be useful to investigate the relative role of different drivers on catchment response. The Geren Catchment (similar to 45 km(2)) in western Turkey is suitable for such a study, as it has been influenced by uplift, climate change and lava damming. Four Middle Pleistocene lava flows (Ar-40/Ar-39-dated from 310 to 175 ka) filled and dammed the Gediz River at the Gediz-Geren confluence, resulting in base-level fluctuations of the otherwise uplift-driven incising river. Field reconstruction and luminescence dating suggest fluvial terraces in the Geren Catchment are capped by Middle Pleistocene aggradational fills. This showed that incision of the Geren trunk stream has been delayed until the end of MIS 5. Subsequently, the catchment has responded to base-level lowering since MIS 4 by 30m of stepped net incision. Field reconstruction left us with uncertainty on the main drivers of terrace formation. Therefore, we used landscape evolution modelling to investigate catchment response to three scenarios of base-level change: (i) uplift with climate change (rainfall and vegetation based on arboreal pollen); (ii) uplift, climate change and short-lived damming events; (iii) uplift, climate and long-lived damming events. Outputs were evaluated for erosion-aggradation evolution in trunk streams at two different distances from the catchment outlet. Climate influences erosion-aggradation activity in the catchment, although internal feedbacks influence timing and magnitude. Furthermore, lava damming events partly control if and where these climate-driven aggradations occur. Damming thus leaves a legacy on current landscape evolution. Catchment response to long-duration damming events corresponds best with field reconstruction and dating. The combination of climate and base level explains a significant part of the landscape evolution history of the Geren Catchment. By combining model results with fieldwork, additional conclusions on landscape evolution could be drawn. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：将野外重建和景观演化建模相结合可以有助于研究不同驱动因素在集水区响应中的相对作用。土耳其西部的Geren集水区（类似于45 km（2））非常适合此类研究，因为它受到了隆升，气候变化和熔岩坝筑坝的影响。 Gediz-Geren汇合处的Gediz河有四次中更新世熔岩流（Ar-40 / Ar-39，日期为310至175 ka）充满并筑坝，导致原本由隆升驱动的切入河的基面波动。野外重建和发光测年表明，Geren集水区的河流阶地被中更新世的凝集物覆盖。这表明Geren干流的切割已推迟到MIS 5结束为止。随后，自MIS 4以来，集水区对基准面降低做出了响应，阶梯式净切割距离为30m。野外重建使我们对阶地形成的主要驱动力不确定。因此，我们使用景观演化模型来研究集水区对三种基准水平变化的响应：（i）气候变化引起的隆升（基于树木花粉的降雨和植被）; （ii）隆升，气候变化和短暂的筑坝事件; （iii）隆升，气候和长期的筑坝事件。在距集水口两个不同距离处的主干流中，对产出物的侵蚀-聚集演变进行了评估。尽管内部反馈会影响时间和规模，但气候会影响流域的侵蚀聚集活动。此外，熔岩筑坝事件部分地控制了这些气候驱动的集聚是否发生以及在何处发生。因此，筑坝为当前景观演变留下了遗产。集水区对长期筑坝事件的响应最适合野外重建和定年。气候和基础水平的结合解释了Geren集水区景观演变历史的重要部分。通过将模型结果与实地考察相结合，可以得出有关景观演变的其他结论。版权所有（C）2016 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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