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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Human-induced sedimentation patterns of a channelized lowland river
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Human-induced sedimentation patterns of a channelized lowland river

机译：人为诱发的低洼河道沉积模式

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Channelization of the severely polluted Odra and Vistula Rivers in Poland induced intensive accumulation of fine-grained deposits rich in organic matter and heavy metals. These sediments have been identified in vertical profiles in a narrow zone along river banks both in groyne-created basins and on the floodplain. Grain size, organic matter, zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) content and cesium-137 (Cs-137) was used for sediment dating and, stratigraphy and chemistry have been diagnostic features for these deposits, named industrial alluvium. In the most polluted river reaches stabilized by bank reinforcements and groynes, 2-m-thick slack water groyne deposits are composed of uniform strata of polluted silts with organic matter content over 10%, Zn content over 1000mg/kg and average Cu and Pb over 100mg/kg. The average rate of sediment accretion in groynes is higher than on the floodplain and reaches 5cm/yr. Stratification which appears at higher levels in the groyne fields and on the levees reflects a change from in-channel to overbank deposition and is typified by dark layers separated by bright, sandy, and less polluted strata. Stratified, 4-m-thick, sediment sequences have been found in groyne fields of incised river reaches. The average rate of sediment accretion in these reaches is of the order of 5cm/yr. In stable and relatively less polluted river reaches, vertical-accretion organic deposits are finely laminated and the average rate of deposition amounts to a few millimeters per year. Investigations indicate that groyne construction favors conditions for long-term storage of sediments at channel banks. For this reason, groynes should be considered as structures that efficiently limit sudden release of sediment-associated heavy metals stored in channels and in floodplains of the historically polluted rivers. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：波兰严重污染的奥德拉河和维斯杜拉河的水渠化导致富含有机物和重金属的细颗粒矿床大量堆积。在沟流域和洪泛区沿河岸的狭窄区域中，在垂直剖面上已经发现了这些沉积物。粒度，有机质，锌（Zn），铅（Pb），铜（Cu）含量和铯137（Cs-137）被用于沉积物测年，地层学和化学学已成为这些沉积物的诊断特征，被称为工业冲积。在受污染最严重的河段，通过堤岸加固和防波堤稳定，厚度为2米的松弛水防波堤沉积物由受污染的粉砂均匀地层组成，有机质含量超过10％，锌含量超过1000mg / kg，平均铜和铅超过100mg / kg。丁坝的平均沉积物沉积速率高于洪泛区，达到5cm / yr。在堤坝场和堤岸上更高层次的分层反映了从河道内沉积到岸上沉积的变化，典型特征是由明亮，含沙和污染少的地层隔开的深色层。在切开河段的丁坝田中发现了4米厚的分层沉积物序列。这些河段的平均沉积物沉积速率约为5厘米/年。在稳定且污染程度相对较小的河段，垂直堆积的有机沉积物被精细地层压起来，平均沉积速率达到每年几毫米。调查表明，防波堤的建造有利于在河岸长期储存沉积物。因此，应将防波堤视为能够有效地限制历史污染河流的河道和洪泛区中与沉积物相关的重金属突然释放的结构。版权所有（c）2014 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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