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Deposition of trace elements from high temperature gases of Satsuma-Iwojiam volcano

机译：萨摩磐城火山高温气体中微量元素的沉积

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The Satsuma-Iwojima volcano has been emitting continuously high temperature (600°to 900 ℃) gases for at least 800 years. We identified the minerals that form in response to closed-system cooling of these gases and from air-mixing reactions. Major differences compared with the sublimates observed at other volcanoes are the occurrence of wulfenite (PbMoO_4) and several mixed chlorides. This is the first report of wulfenite in fumarolic deposits. Thermochemical modeling shows that wulfenite precipitates between 540°and 490 ℃ from a gas with lower sulfur content and/or higher fO_2, and a higher Mo content (log fSO_2 = -2.1, log fH_2S = -5, log fO_2 = -18.6, log fH_2MoO_4 = -4.5, T = 500 ℃) than the previously reported gas composition. The occurrence of abundant K, Pb, Fe, Zn, Rb and Cs mixed chlorides may be promoted by the low S/Cl of the Satsuma-Iwojima high temperature gases. Natural sublimates of metallic elements (molybdenite, wulfenite, anglesite, Tl-Pb and Tl-Bi sulfides, Mo oxydes and Pb oxides) are deposited along the fumarolic conduit and on the ground under conditions of variable temperatures and fO_2. The increase in fO_2 due to the mixing of the gases with the atmosphere reduces the volatility of several elements (As, Sn, Na, K and Pb) by promoting their condensation at higher temperatures. As air mixes with volcanic gas in the fumarolic plume, we can expect to find these metals as aerosols.
机译：萨摩-岩岛火山已经连续排放了高温（600°至900℃）气体，至少已有800年的历史。我们确定了响应这些气体的密闭系统冷却和空气混合反应而形成的矿物。与在其他火山中观察到的升华物相比，主要区别在于发生了辉石（PbMoO_4）和几种混合氯化物。这是富马岩矿床中白云母的首次报道。热化学模型表明，硫在较低的硫含量和/或较高的fO_2和较高的Mo含量的气体中在540°至490℃之间析出（log fSO_2 = -2.1，log fH_2S = -5，log fO_2 = -18.6，log fH_2MoO_4 = -4.5，T = 500℃）。萨摩-岩城高温气体的低S / Cl可促进K，Pb，Fe，Zn，Rb和Cs混合氯化物的丰富发生。金属元素的天然升华物（辉钼矿，钨矿，角铁，Tl-Pb和Tl-Bi硫化物，氧化钼和Pb氧化物）沿着富马酸管道和在可变温度和fO_2条件下沉积在地面上。由于气体与大气混合导致的fO_2的增加通过促进它们在更高温度下的冷凝而降低了几种元素（As，Sn，Na，K和Pb）的挥发性。当空气与火山气中的火山气体混合时，我们可以期望发现这些金属为气溶胶。

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