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Influence of two major phase transitions on mantle convection with moving and subducting plates

机译：两个主要相变对活动板和俯冲板对流对流的影响

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摘要

A series of numerical simulation has been carried out to explore the influence of two major phase transitions at 410 km and 660 km phase boundaries on mantle convection with self-consistently moving and subducting plates, that is, on the "plate-like regime" of mantle convection. The degree of Clausius-Clapeyron slope at the 660 km phase boundary is systematically changed within the range estimated by high pressure experiments. On the plate-like regime where moving plates continuously subduct, as the Clausius-Clapeyron slope is steepened, the upwelling plumes originating from the bottom thermal boundary layer are less buoyant owing to the increase of average mantle temperature, so that the upwelling plumes are hard to penetrate through the 660 km phase boundary. Investigations reveal that three types of small upwelling plumes in the upper mantle are found on the plate-like regime: (1) The secondary plumes directly derived from the upwelling plumes from the lower mantle, (2) the passive upwellings from the shallow parts of the lower mantle due to the diffused return flow by continuously subducting plates, and (3) the secondary plumes originating from the 660 kin phase boundary caused by the development of the small-scale convection cells confined in the upper mantle.
机译：已经进行了一系列数值模拟，以探索在410 km和660 km相界处的两个主要相变对自一致运动和俯冲板块的地幔对流的影响，即对板块的“板状状态”的影响。地幔对流。在660 km相界处的Clausius-Clapeyron坡度在高压实验估计的范围内有系统地改变。在移动板块连续俯冲的板状结构中，随着克劳修斯-克拉皮隆斜率的变陡，由于平均地幔温度的升高，源自底部热边界层的上升流的浮力较小，因此上升流的烟流较硬穿过660 km的相位边界。研究表明，在板状区域上地幔中发现了三种类型的小上升流：（1）次生羽直接来自下地幔的上升流;（2）被动地幔从地幔浅部上升。下地幔是由于连续俯冲板扩散的回流造成的;（3）660 kin相边界产生的次级羽状流是由上地幔中小尺度对流单元的发育所引起的。

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