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Geophysical comparison of the three eruptions in the 20th century of Usu volcano, Japan

机译：日本宇流火山20世纪3次喷发的地球物理比较

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摘要

Usu volcano has erupted seven times since 1663. The last thee eruptions occurred during the 20th century (1910, 1943 and 1977) and were observed by standard instruments. Although the three eruptions displayed different surface manifestations, they were, similarly, volcanisms derived from dacitic magmas. In this paper, the three eruptions are compared mainly from the viewpoint of magma movements before and during the eruptions on the basis of geophysical data, i.e. explosive, seismic and thermal activities, ground deformations, and level changes in aquifers. Post-eruption activities are also comparatively reviewed. Some phenomena related to the three eruptions are reinterpreted: for the 1910 eruption, the cryptodome model of the upheaval is rejected, and the tectonic structure of the craterlet line is proposed; for the 1943 and the 1977 eruptions, the ratios between seismic energy release and deformation are discussed; for the 1977 eruption, a tilt model of the sector deformation is proposed and relationships between anomalous changes in the aquifer level and ground upheavals are discussed. Magnitudes of the three eruptions are estimated. Tentatively, the 1943 and 1977 eruptions are roughly of the same order of magnitude and the 1910 eruption is one order of magnitude smaller.
机译：自1663年以来，乌苏火山爆发了7次。最后一次喷发发生于20世纪（1910、1943和1977），并由标准仪器观测到。尽管这三个火山喷发表现出不同的表面表现，但它们相似地是源自洋浆岩浆的火山作用。在本文中，主要根据地球物理数据，即爆炸，地震和热活动，地面变形和含水层的水位变化，从喷发前后的岩浆运动角度比较了这三种喷发。还对喷发后的活动进行了比较审查。重新解释了与这三个喷发有关的一些现象：对于1910年的喷发，拒绝了动荡的密码学模型，并提出了火山口线的构造结构;对于1943年和1977年的爆发，讨论了地震能量释放与变形之间的比率;对于1977年的喷发，提出了扇形变形的倾斜模型，并讨论了含水层水平的异常变化与地面动荡之间的关系。估计了三个喷发的震级。暂时地，1943年和1977年的喷发大致在同一数量级，而1910年的喷发则小一个数量级。

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