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Effects of psychotropic drugs on cell proliferation and differentiation.

机译:精神药物对细胞增殖和分化的影响。

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摘要

Some of the psychotropic agents widely used for the amelioration of anxiety, depression, and psychosis also show an effect at the cellular proliferation level. Surprisingly little research, however, has been directed to the antitumoral potential of these drugs, alone or in combination with established cancer treatments. Our review of the literature to date has yielded some promising early findings. Ligands active at the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptors have been studied the most extensively and were found to have differential, concentration-dependent effects on the growth and proliferation of both normal and cancer cells. Of the phenothiazines tested, chlorpromazine (CPZ) and perphenazine (PPZ) had the most potent cytotoxic action on fibroblasts and glioma cells. Antiproliferative effects also were noted by these and other agents in leukemic and breast cancer cell lines. Additional psychotropic drugs studied include the atypical antipsychotics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers, especially lithium. Most of the reported activities were observed in in vitro studies and were achieved at high pharmacological concentrations. Further in vivo studies in well-designed animal models are warranted to determine whether these well-tolerated, relatively inexpensive, and widely available drugs or their derivatives may be added in the future to the armamentarium of cancer pharmacotherapy.
机译:广泛用于缓解焦虑症,抑郁症和精神病的某些精神药物也显示出对细胞增殖水平的作用。然而,令人惊讶的是,很少有研究针对这些药物单独或与已建立的癌症治疗方法联合使用的抗肿瘤潜力。迄今为止,我们对文献的回顾产生了一些有希望的早期发现。对苯并二氮杂卓(BZ)受体具有活性的配体已得到最广泛的研究,发现它们对正常细胞和癌细胞的生长和增殖具有不同的浓度依赖性效应。在测试的吩噻嗪中,氯丙嗪(CPZ)和奋乃静(PPZ)对成纤维细胞和神经胶质瘤细胞具有最强的细胞毒性作用。这些试剂和其他试剂在白血病和乳腺癌细胞系中也注意到了抗增殖作用。研究的其他精神药物包括非典型抗精神病药,抗抑郁药和情绪稳定剂,尤其是锂。大多数报道的活性是在体外研究中观察到的,并且是在高药理浓度下实现的。必须对设计良好的动物模型进行进一步的体内研究,以确定这些耐受性好,价格相对便宜且可广泛获得的药物或其衍生物是否可以在将来添加到癌症药物治疗的武器库中。

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