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The pivotal role of insulin-like growth factor I in normal mammary development.

机译:胰岛素样生长因子I在正常乳腺发育中的关键作用。

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摘要

Mammary development begins in puberty in response to an estrogen (E(2)) surge. E(2) does not act alone. It relies on pituitary growth hormone (GH) to induce insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production in the mammary stromal compartment. In turn, IGF-I permits E(2) (and progesterone) action. During puberty, E(2) and IGF-I synergize for ductal morphogenesis. During pregnancy, progesterone joins IGF-I and E(2) to stimulate secretory differentiation necessary to produce milk. Prolactin stimulates milk production, while transforming growth factor-beta inhibits proliferation. The orchestrated action of hormones, growth factors, and receptors necessary for mammary development and function are also critical in breast cancer.
机译:乳腺发育开始于青春期,以响应雌激素(E(2))激增。 E(2)并不单独起作用。它依赖于垂体生长激素(GH)在乳腺基质区隔中诱导胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-1)的产生。反过来,IGF-I允许E(2)(和孕激素)起作用。在青春期期间,E(2)和IGF-I协同促进导管形态发生。在怀孕期间,黄体酮会加入IGF-I和E(2)来刺激产生牛奶所必需的分泌分化。催乳素刺激乳汁生成,而转化生长因子-β则抑制增殖。乳腺发育和功能所需的激素,生长因子和受体的协调作用在乳腺癌中也很重要。

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