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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Technology: Generation,Conversion,Storage,Distribution >Impact of Perforation on Hydraulic Fracture Initiation and Extension in Tight Natural Gas Reservoirs
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Impact of Perforation on Hydraulic Fracture Initiation and Extension in Tight Natural Gas Reservoirs

机译：致密天然气储层射孔对水力压裂启动与扩展的影响

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In the exploitation of tight natural gas reservoirs, increasing the number of fractures to enlarge the stimulated reservoir volume is the key point. Furthermore, high breakdown pressure is the primary factor that causes the difficulty of hydraulic fracturing treatment in a tight gas reservoir. Both of these factors are related closely to the perforation strategy. However, the impact of perforation on hydraulic fracture initiation and extension in a tight gas reservoir has not yet been researched in an experimental way. We designed a piece of equipment that we refer to as a mini-sized true tri-axial hydraulic fracturing simulation system (8cmx8cmx10cm) for the experiments. By using this equipment, we could simulate hydraulic fracturing using downhole drilling cores, which were acquired from the Erdos basin tight gas reservoir. We mainly examined the influence of the horizontal stress difference and spacing, density, and depth of perforation on the fracture patterns. Experimental results show that, in specimens without perforation, the number of fractures is less than that of the perforation specimens, and the direction of fractures is uncontrollable. In specimens with perforations, fractures initiate at the perforation points, which is conducive to forming fractures uniformly. The perforation spacing and horizontal stress difference strongly influence the interaction among fractures. The interaction among fractures is mitigated as the perforation spacing or the horizontal stress difference increases. The depth of perforation affects the fracture initiation. Factures are easier to initiate and propagate in deeper perforations. The existence of perforation could effectively reduce the breakdown pressure by approximately 18%.
机译：在致密天然气储层的开发中，增加裂缝数量以扩大增产油藏体积是关键。此外，高破裂压力是导致致密气藏中水力压裂处理困难的主要因素。这两个因素都与射孔策略密切相关。然而，尚未通过实验方法研究射孔对致密气藏中水力压裂起始和扩展的影响。我们为实验设计了一套设备，称为微型真三轴水力压裂模拟系统（8cmx8cmx10cm）。通过使用该设备，我们可以使用从鄂尔多斯盆地致密气藏获得的井下钻芯模拟水力压裂。我们主要研究了水平应力差，间距，密度和射孔深度对裂缝模式的影响。实验结果表明，在没有穿孔的试样中，裂缝的数量少于穿孔的试样，并且裂缝的方向是不可控制的。在有孔眼的样品中，在孔眼处产生裂缝，这有利于均匀地形成裂缝。射孔间距和水平应力差强烈影响裂缝之间的相互作用。随着射孔间距或水平应力差的增加，裂缝之间的相互作用会减弱。穿孔的深度会影响骨折的发生。裂缝更容易在深处穿孔并扩展。穿孔的存在可有效降低击穿压力约18％。

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