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Prediction of crack initiation at blunt notches and cavities-size effects

机译：钝口和空洞尺寸效应的裂纹萌生预测

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摘要

Crack initiation at corners, V-notches and other situations such as interfaces breaking a free surface (delamination initiation) cannot be correctly predicted by the usual brittle fracture criteria (either Griffith or maximum stress). They give contradictory results and neither one nor the other agrees with the experiments. An additional characteristic length is required to define a satisfying criterion giving rise to the so-called "Finite fracture mechanics". The crack is supposed to jump this length which depends both on the material properties and the local geometry of the structure; it is not a material parameter. In most cases this crack increment is small. The size effect arises with the interaction between the crack increment and another length characterising a microstructure such as a pore diameter, a notch root radius or an interface layer thickness. The remote load at failure depends on the actual value of this microstructure parameter whereas it was not expected in all cases. Assuming that the two interacting lengths remain small compared to the size of the global structure, an asymptotic procedure allows bringing into evidence the change in the apparent resistance of the structure due to this phenomenon. Results are compared with experiments in various domains: polymers, ceramics and rocks.
机译：通常的脆性断裂标准（格里菲思或最大应力）不能正确地预测拐角处的裂纹萌生，V形缺口和其他情况（例如，界面破坏自由表面）。他们给出了矛盾的结果，彼此都不同意实验。需要额外的特征长度来定义满足标准，从而产生所谓的“有限断裂力学”。裂纹应跳越长，这取决于材料的特性和结构的局部几何形状。它不是材料参数。在大多数情况下，此裂纹增量很小。尺寸效应是由裂纹增量和表征微观结构的另一种长度（例如孔径，缺口根半径或界面层厚度）之间的相互作用引起的。失效时的远程载荷取决于该微结构参数的实际值，而并非在所有情况下都期望如此。假设两个相互作用的长度与整体结构的大小相比保持较小，则渐近过程可以证明由于这种现象，结构的表观阻力发生了变化。将结果与不同领域的实验进行了比较：聚合物，陶瓷和岩石。

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