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An energy balance in crack propagation and arrest

机译：裂纹扩展和阻止中的能量平衡

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The data from temperature gradient double tension tests and dynamic small scale tests on two steels having different toughness levels have been utilised in a quasi-static crack arrest analysis. An energy balance approach using the total initialelastic energy progressively depleted by the absorbed fracture propagation energy predicted arrest temperatures to within 7℃ of the values measured at the arrested crack tip in double tension tests. The general criterion for crack arrest includingconditions where crack tunnelling by shear occurs is:R{sub}s> σ{sub}i{sup}2L/2E(1+ a{sub}p/W)where R{sub}s is the mean impact propagation energy per unit area required for arrest; σ{sub}i is the initial applied gross section stress; L is the effective length of the whole of the structure; a{sub}p is the length of the arrested crack; W is thewidth; E is the elastic modulus.The above expression applies to service conditions as well as to laboratory tests. It incorporates the kinetic energy which is a means whereby the total elastic energy is made available for fracture. For linear elastic plane strain conditions with notunnelling, the equivalent stress intensity factor K{sub}s derived from the above is:K{sub}s> σ{sub}i/(1/(2W tan(πa{sub}p/2W)) +a{sub}p/WL){sup}0.5This expression can only be applied to predict arrest where L and, therefore, the total energy of the structure is low and the slope of dK/da is negative.
机译：来自温度梯度双拉伸试验和两种具有不同韧性水平的钢的动态小规模试验的数据已用于准静态止裂分析。一种能量平衡方法，使用被吸收的裂缝传播能量逐渐耗尽的总初始弹性能，预测的止动温度在双拉伸试验中在止动裂纹尖端测得的值的7℃以内。裂纹止裂的一般判据包括发生剪切剪切隧穿的条件为：R {sub} s>σ{sub} i {sup} 2L / 2E（1+ a {sub} p / W）其中R {sub} s为逮捕所需的每单位面积的平均冲击传播能量; σ{sub} i是初始施加的总截面应力; L是整个结构的有效长度; a {sub} p是止裂的长度; W是宽度; E是弹性模量，以上表达式适用于使用条件以及实验室测试。它包含动能，动能是使总弹性能用于断裂的一种手段。对于具有非扰动的线性弹性平面应变条件，从以上推导的等效应力强度因子K {sub} s为：K {sub} s>σ{sub} i /（1 /（2W tan（πa{sub} p / 2W））+ a {sub} p / WL）{sup} 0.5此表达式仅可用于预测在L（因此结构的总能量较低且dK / da的斜率为负）下的制动。

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