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Sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources considering land subsidence in Suzhou, China

机译：考虑苏州地面沉降的地下水资源可持续开发利用

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摘要

Suzhou is located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in southeastern Jiangsu, China. It is part of the Su-Xi-Chang area including Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. As one of the most developed areas in China, this region has suffered from severe land subsidence caused by extensive groundwater exploitation since1980s. The land subsidence was controlled by prohibition of groundwater exploration in the past several years. However, the surface water pollution prompted a new task of how to sustainably utilize the groundwater resource, especially to satisfy the emergency demands of water supply. In this paper, we took Suzhou as a representative case to discuss how to develop groundwater resources while controlling the landsubsidence. The relationship between the deformation and the groundwater level was analyzed, with focus on the deformation features after the period of groundwater exploitation ban. The results confirmed the conclusion by Shi et al. (2007, 2008a): even in the period of rising groundwater level, same units may manifest different deformation characteristics, such as elasticity, elasto-plasticity, and visco-elasto-plasticity, at different locations of the cone of depression. A land subsidence model that couples a 3-D groundwater model and a 1-D deformation model was developed to simulate the groundwater level and deformation. A high-resolution local grid (child model) for Suzhou was built based on the regional land subsidence model of Su-Xi-Chang area by Wu et al. (2009). The model was used for a number of predictive scenarios up to the year of 2012 to examine how to develop sustainable use of groundwater resources under the conditions of land subsidence control. Our results indicated that about 3.08×10~7 m~3/a groundwater could be provided as emergency and standby water source while meeting the land subsidence control target of 10 mm/a.
机译：苏州位于中国江苏省东南部的长江下游。它是苏锡常地区的一部分，包括苏州，无锡和常州。作为中国最发达的地区之一，自1980年代以来，该地区因大量地下水开采而遭受了严重的地面沉降。在过去的几年中，地面沉降受到禁止地下水勘探的控制。然而，地表水污染促使人们如何可持续利用地下水资源，特别是满足紧急供水需求成为一项新的任务。本文以苏州为代表，探讨如何在控制地面沉降的同时开发地下水资源。分析了变形与地下水位之间的关系，重点研究了地下水开采禁令时期后的变形特征。结果证实了Shi等人的结论。 （2007，2008a）：即使在地下水位上升的时期，同一单元在凹陷锥的不同位置也可能表现出不同的变形特征，例如弹性，弹塑性和粘弹塑性。开发了结合3D地下水模型和1D变形模型的地面沉降模型，以模拟地下水位和变形。 Wu等人基于苏锡常地区的区域地面沉降模型，建立了苏州的高分辨率局部网格（子模型）。 （2009）。该模型被用于直到2012年的许多预测情景，以研究在地面沉降控制条件下如何发展地下水资源的可持续利用。我们的结果表明，在满足10mm / a的地面沉降控制目标的同时，可以提供约3.08×10〜7 m〜3 / a的地下水作为应急和备用水源。

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