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首页> 外文期刊>Engineering Geology >Geoenvironmental protocol for site and waste characterization of former manufactured gas plants; worldwide remediation challenge in semi-volatile organic wastes
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Geoenvironmental protocol for site and waste characterization of former manufactured gas plants; worldwide remediation challenge in semi-volatile organic wastes

机译：以前的天然气工厂的场地和废物表征的地球环境协议;半挥发性有机废物的全球修复挑战

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The most common and difficult of all hazardous waste sites are those that historically produced artificial (manufactured) gas; for gas-making was international in scope and at the very core of the industrial revolution. With former manufactured gas plants (FMGPs), virtually no geologic region in the industrialized or urbanized world or its trade centers and ports escaped the gas industry. These plants applied pyrolysis of organic matter (roasting to drive off volatiles in the form of useful gases) to illuminate the world and to fuel all manner of progress. Gas was and is the universal fuel. Its prominence stemmed from the omnipresence of organic matter and the universal process for the extraction of its volatile contents to manufacture useful gas. Furthermore, for most of the century and a half-long history of manufactured gas, natural gas was unavailable to slow or daunt the production of man-made gas and the universal creation of its toxic tar residues and other harmful waste residuals. Today we face the presence of toxic organic gas manufacturing residuals as a unique threat to both the health and welfare of contemporary society, as well as being a long-term threat to the environment that is dominantly geologic in character. Most of these tar residuals are highly resistant to natural degradation or attenuation in the environment and their lives, therefore, they are measured in geologic time. Given its environmental persistence, potential problems associated with tar may exist centuries to thousands of years. Engineering geologists and geological engineers are, by training and experience, particularly well equipped to plan, manage and conduct site and waste characterization efforts for FMGPs and related coal-tar sites.
机译：在所有危险废物场所中，最常见和最困难的是那些历来产生人工（制造）气体的场所;天然气的生产是国际范围的，是工业革命的核心。有了以前的天然气制造厂（FMGP），在工业化或城市化的世界或其贸易中心和港口中几乎没有地质地区逃脱了天然气工业。这些工厂进行了有机物的热解（焙烧以除去有用气体形式的挥发物）以照亮世界并为各种进步提供燃料。天然气曾经是并且现在是通用燃料。它的重要性源于有机物的无处不在和提取其挥发性成分以制造有用气体的普遍过程。此外，在一个半世纪以来的半个漫长的人造气体历史中，天然气无法减缓或阻碍人造气体的生产以及普遍产生其有毒的焦油残渣和其他有害废物残渣。今天，我们面临着有毒有机气体制造残留物的存在，既对当代社会的健康和福利构成独特的威胁，又对以地质学为主要特征的环境造成长期威胁。这些焦油残留物中的大多数对环境及其寿命的自然降解或衰减具有很高的抵抗力，因此，它们是在地质时期进行测量的。鉴于其对环境的持久性，与焦油有关的潜在问题可能存在数百年甚至数千年。通过培训和经验，工程地质学家和地质工程师特别有能力为FMGP和相关的煤焦油场地规划，管理和进行场地和废物表征工作。

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