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首页> 外文期刊>Engineering Geology >Mechanical anisotropy of columnar jointed basalts: An example from the Baihetan hydropower station, China
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Mechanical anisotropy of columnar jointed basalts: An example from the Baihetan hydropower station, China

机译：柱状节理玄武岩的力学各向异性-以白鹤滩水电站为例

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Columnar jointed basalts are characterized by a self-organized joint network of discontinuities and pose a difficult challenge for geotechnical engineering design due to their inherent anisotropic nature. We explore here the anisotropic characteristics of the columnar basalt formation in the Chinese Baihetan hydropower station, including aspects of the geometrical rock structure, deformation, and strength anisotropy. Site investigations reveal that a typical cross section of the columnar basalt blocks is mainly quadrangular and pentagonal with an average edge length of 0.152 m. Three types of joints with different macro- and micro-characteristics form the columnar jointed rock mass and are identified by scanning electron microscopy. In situ ultrasonic tests further confirm that the columnar basalt prisms exhibit transverse isotropy with the plane of isotropy perpendicular to the column axis, as can also be observed in the field. Strength anisotropy is confirmed by point load and uniaxial compression tests. The mechanical and anisotropic characteristics of Baihetan's jointed basalt mass can be explained by its multi-scale joints pattern by means of Goodman's stiffness equation. We find that the anisotropic coefficients obtained for its deformability and strength are similar for all testing methods employed, including in situ P wave velocity, point load tests, and uniaxial compression tests. This result confirms the strong anisotropic effect in these rock masses and facilitates, an issue that must be considered when assigning input parameters for various classification and numerical analyses schemes.
机译：柱状节理玄武岩具有不连续的自组织节理网络的特征，由于其固有的各向异性特性，对岩土工程设计提出了艰巨的挑战。我们在这里探讨中国白鹤滩水电站柱状玄武岩的各向异性特征，包括几何岩石结构，变形和强度各向异性等方面。现场调查表明，柱状玄武岩块的典型横截面主要为四边形和五边形，平均边长为0.152 m。柱状节理岩体具有三种宏观和微观特征不同的节理，并通过扫描电子显微镜进行鉴定。原位超声测试进一步证实，柱状玄武岩棱镜表现出横向各向同性，各向同性平面垂直于柱轴，这在现场也可以观察到。强度各向异性是通过点载荷和单轴压缩试验确定的。白鹤滩节理玄武岩块体的力学和各向异性特征可以通过古德曼刚度方程的多尺度节理模式来解释。我们发现，对于所有采用的测试方法，包括原位P波速度，点载荷测试和单轴压缩测试，其变形性和强度所获得的各向异性系数均相似。该结果证实了这些岩体中强烈的各向异性效应，并为分配各种分类和数值分析方案的输入参数时必须考虑的问题提供了便利。

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