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首页> 外文期刊>Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata >Cold hardiness attributes of a field population of the potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella
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Cold hardiness attributes of a field population of the potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella

机译：马铃薯块茎马铃薯（Pthorimaea operculella）田间种群的抗寒性

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摘要

The potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a worldwide pest of solanaceous crops especially devastating to potatoes. In the present study, we investigated the cold hardiness profile of acclimated and non-acclimated immature and adult stages of a field population of P. operculella. For both acclimated and non-acclimated individuals mean supercooling point (SCP) did not differ significantly among developmental stages. Unlike supercooling capacity, acclimation at 5 degrees C for 5 days enhanced the ability to survive at subzero temperatures after a 2-h exposure. Median lethal temperature (LT50) of all developmental stages (egg, late instar, pupa, and adult) decreased after acclimation, nevertheless only adults displayed a significant difference among acclimated and non-acclimated individuals concerning their LT50 (-11.1 and -8.3 degrees C, respectively). Generally, pupae were the most cold-tolerant developmental stage followed in decreasing order by the eggs and adults, whereas late instars were the least cold tolerant. Non-freezing injury above the SCP was well-documented for all developmental stages indicating a pre-freeze mortality and suggesting that P. operculella is considered to be chill tolerant rather than freeze intolerant. Nevertheless, given its high degree of cold hardiness relative to habitat temperatures, winter mortality of P. operculella due to low temperatures is not likely to occur and pest outbreaks may take place following a mild winter.
机译：马铃薯块茎虫（Phthorimaea operculella，Zeller）（鳞翅目：Gelechiidae）是一种茄科作物的世界性害虫，特别是对马铃薯造成的破坏。在当前的研究中，我们调查了小菜蛾田间种群适应和未适应的未成熟和成年阶段的抗寒性。对于适应和不适应的个体，平均过冷点（SCP）在发育阶段之间没有显着差异。与过冷能力不同，在5摄氏度下适应5天可以增强暴露2小时后在零度以下温度下生存的能力。适应后，所有发育阶段（例如蛋，晚龄、,和成年）的致死温度（LT50）均降低，但是，只有成年人在适应和未适应的个体中表现出关于其LT50（-11.1和-8.3摄氏度）的显着差异， 分别）。通常，p是最耐寒的发育阶段，其后依次是卵和成虫，而成年幼虫的耐寒性最低。在所有发育阶段，SCP上方的非冰冻伤害都有详细记录，表明冰冻前的死亡率，并表明小菜蛾被认为具有耐冷性，而不是耐冻性。然而，鉴于其相对于栖息地温度的高度耐寒性，不太可能由于低温而导致小虫的冬季死亡，并且在温和的冬季之后可能会发生病虫害暴发。

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