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首页> 外文期刊>Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes >Gap junction proteins: Master regulators of the planarian stem cell response to tissue maintenance and injury
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Gap junction proteins: Master regulators of the planarian stem cell response to tissue maintenance and injury

机译：间隙连接蛋白：平面组织干细胞对组织维持和损伤反应的主要调节剂

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Gap junction (GJ) proteins are crucial mediators of cell-cell communication during embryogenesis, tissue regeneration and disease. GJ proteins form plasma membrane channels that facilitate passage of small molecules across cells and modulate signaling pathways and cellular behavior in different tissues. These properties have been conserved throughout evolution, and in most invertebrates GJ proteins are known as innexins. Despite their critical relevance for physiology and disease, the mechanisms by which GJ proteins modulate cell behavior are poorly understood. This review summarizes findings from recent work that uses planarian flatworms as a paradigm to analyze GJ proteins in the complexity of the whole organism. The planarian model allows access to a large pool of adult somatic stem cells (known as neoblasts) that support physiological cell turnover and tissue regeneration. Innexin proteins are present in planarians and play a fundamental role in controlling neoblast behavior. We discuss the possibility that GJ proteins participate as cellular sensors that inform neoblasts about local and systemic physiological demands. We believe that functional analyses of GJ proteins will bring a complementary perspective to studies that focus on the temporal expression of genes. Finally, integrating functional studies along with molecular genetics and epigenetic approaches would expand our understanding of cellular regulation in vivo and greatly enhance the possibilities for rationally modulating stem cell behavior in their natural environment. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The communicating junctions, roles and dysfunctions.
机译：间隙连接（GJ）蛋白是胚胎发生，组织再生和疾病过程中细胞间通讯的重要介质。 GJ蛋白形成质膜通道，促进小分子穿过细胞，并调节信号传导途径和不同组织中的细胞行为。这些特性在整个进化过程中都得到了保留，在大多数无脊椎动物中，GJ蛋白被称为内毒素。尽管它们与生理和疾病至关重要，但人们对GJ蛋白调节细胞行为的机制知之甚少。这篇综述总结了最近研究的发现，这些研究使用涡虫扁虫作为范例来分析整个生物体复杂性中的GJ蛋白。平面模型允许访问大量支持生理细胞更新和组织再生的成年体干细胞（称为成神经细胞）。 Innexin蛋白存在于涡虫中，并在控制成神经细胞行为中起基本作用。我们讨论了GJ蛋白作为细胞传感器参与新胚芽有关局部和全身生理需求的可能性。我们相信，GJ蛋白的功能分析将为侧重于基因时间表达的研究带来互补的观点。最后，将功能性研究与分子遗传学和表观遗传学方法相结合，将扩大我们对体内细胞调节的理解，并大大提高在自然环境中合理调节干细胞行为的可能性。本文是一个名为“：通信联系，角色和功能障碍”的特刊的一部分。

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