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首页> 外文期刊>Epigenetics: official journal of the DNA Methylation Society >Formation of nuclear heterochromatin the nucleolar point of view
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Formation of nuclear heterochromatin the nucleolar point of view

机译：核异染色质形成的核仁观点

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摘要

Establishment and inheritance of heterochromatic states is critical in maintaining genome integrity and gene expression state. The elucidation of the mechanisms implicated in these processes is fundamental to understand the control of epigenetic regulation of the genome. Recently, the nucleolus emerged as an important component of the nuclear architecture. Although the nucleolus is the most active site of cellular transcription, it is also an attractive compartment for nuclear heterochromatic regions, such as pericentric repeats, inactive X chromosome and regions with low gene density significantly enriched in repressed genes. The coexistence of euchromatic and heterochromatic rRNA genes in each cell reflects these two opposite functions of the nucleolus. An epigenetic network that is controlled by NoRC complex establishes and maintains rDNA heterochromatin. It is here discussed how heterochromatic rRNA genes and the associated epigenetic regulatory activities might mediate formation and inheritance of nuclear heterochromatic regions. Finally, we propose that the analysis of the components of heterochromatic rRNA genes will be not only relevant to understand the general composition of heterochromatin but has the potential to provide important and novel insights of how nuclear heterochromatic structures are established and inherited.
机译：建立和继承异色状态对于维持基因组完整性和基因表达状态至关重要。阐明涉及这些过程的机制是了解基因组表观遗传调控的基础。最近，核仁成为核结构的重要组成部分。尽管核仁是细胞转录的最活跃位点，但它还是核异色区（例如，中心点重复序列，无活性X染色体和基因密度低的区域）的富集区隔，该区域显着富含被抑制的基因。常染色体和异源rRNA基因在每个细胞中的共存反映了核仁的这两个相反的功能。由NoRC复合体控制的表观遗传网络建立并维持rDNA异染色质。本文讨论了异色rRNA基因和相关的表观遗传调控活性如何介导核异色区的形成和遗传。最后，我们建议分析异色rRNA基因的成分不仅与了解异染色质的一般组成有关，而且有可能为如何建立和继承核异色结构提供重要而新颖的见解。

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