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首页> 外文期刊>Epigenetics: official journal of the DNA Methylation Society >The characterization of macroH2A beyond vertebrates supports an ancestral origin and conserved role for histone variants in chromatin
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The characterization of macroH2A beyond vertebrates supports an ancestral origin and conserved role for histone variants in chromatin

机译：脊椎动物以外的macroH2A的表征支持染色质中组蛋白变体的祖先起源和保守作用

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摘要

Histone variants play a critical role in chromatin structure and epigenetic regulation. These "deviant" proteins have been historically considered as the evolutionary descendants of ancestral canonical histones, helping specialize the nucleosome structure during eukaryotic evolution. Such view is now challenged by 2 major observations: first, canonical histones present extremely unique features not shared with any other genes; second, histone variants are widespread across many eukaryotic groups. The present work further supports the ancestral nature of histone variants by providing the first in vivo characterization of a functional macroH2A histone (a variant long defined as a specific refinement of vertebrate chromatin) in a non-vertebrate organism (the mussel Mytilus) revealing its recruitment into heterochromatic fractions of actively proliferating tissues. Combined with in silico analyses of genomic data, these results provide evidence for the widespread presence of macroH2A in metazoan animals, as well as in the holozoan Capsaspora, supporting an evolutionary origin for this histone variant lineage before the radiation of Filozoans (including Filasterea, Choanoflagellata and Metazoa). Overall, the results presented in this work help configure a new evolutionary scenario in which histone variants, rather than modern "deviants" of canonical histones, would constitute ancient components of eukaryotic chromatin.
机译：组蛋白变体在染色质结构和表观遗传调控中起关键作用。这些“异常”蛋白在历史上一直被认为是祖先规范组蛋白的进化后代，有助于在真核生物进化过程中专门化核小体结构。现在，这种观点受到2个主要观察结果的挑战：首先，规范的组蛋白具有极其独特的特征，而其他任何基因都没有。第二，组蛋白变异在许多真核生物群体中普遍存在。本工作通过提供非脊椎动物生物（贻贝Mytilus）中功能性MacroH2A组蛋白（长期定义为脊椎动物染色质的特定修饰的变体）的首次体内表征，进一步支持了组蛋白变体的祖先性质。进入活跃增殖组织的异色部分。结合基因组数据的计算机模拟分析，这些结果提供了证据，证明了巨H2A在后生动物以及后生Capsaspora中的广泛存在，支持了这种组蛋白变体谱系在放射线虫（包括Filasterea，Choanoflagellata）辐射之前的进化起源。和后生动物）。总的来说，这项工作中提出的结果有助于配置一个新的进化方案，在该方案中，组蛋白变体而不是现代的典型组蛋白“变体”将构成真核染色质的古老成分。

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