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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Entomology >Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Diversity, Activity Density, and Community Structure in a Diversified Agroecosystem
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Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Diversity, Activity Density, and Community Structure in a Diversified Agroecosystem

机译：多种农业生态系统中的地面甲虫（鞘翅目：甲壳纲）多样性，活动密度和群落结构

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摘要

Diversity and abundance of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) can be enhanced in vegetable and field intercropping systems, but the complexity of polycultures precludes the application of generalized assumptions of effects for novel intercropping combinations. In a field experiment conducted at Lacombe and Ellerslie, Alberta, Canada, in 2005 and 2006, we investigated the effects of intercropping canola (Brassica napus L.) with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the diversity and community structure of carabid beetles, and on the activity density responses of individual carabid species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index scores and species evenness increased significantly as the proportion of wheat comprising total crop plant populations increased in one site-year of the study, indicating a positive response to enhanced crop plant species evenness in the intercrops, and in that same site-year, ground beetle communities in intercrops shifted to more closely approximate those in wheat monocultures as the percentage of wheat in the intercrops increased. Individual carabid species activity densities showed differing responses to intercropping, although activity densities of some potential root maggot (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) predators were greater in intercrops with high proportions of wheat than in canola monocultures. The activity density of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger), the most abundant species collected, tended to be greater in canola monocultures than high-wheat intercrops or wheat monocultures. We conclude that intercrops of canola and wheat have the potential to enhance populations of some carabid species, therefore possibly exerting increased pressure on some canola insect pests.
机译：在蔬菜和田间套作系统中，地面甲虫（鞘翅目：甲壳纲）的多样性和丰度可以提高，但是混养的复杂性使人们无法应用新颖的套作组合的一般效应假设。在2005年和2006年分别于加拿大艾伯塔省Lacombe和Ellerslie进行的田间试验中，我们研究了将双低油菜籽（Brassica napus L.）与小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）间作对甲壳虫多样性和群落结构的影响，以及单个腕甲物种的活性密度响应。在研究的一个地点年份中，随着农作物中小麦在总作物植物种群中所占比例的增加，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数得分和物种均匀度显着提高，表明对间作作物和同一地点的作物植物均匀度提高有积极反应年间，随着间作中小麦百分比的增加，间作中的地面甲虫群落向更接近于小麦单一栽培的地甲虫群落转移。尽管小麦中比例较高的间作中某些潜在的根（Delia spp。）（Diptera：Anthomyiidae）捕食者的活动密度要比双低油菜单作更高，但单个腕甲物种的活动密度对间作的反应却有所不同。在双低油菜的单一栽培中，最丰富的物种Pterostichus melanarius（Illiger）的活动密度往往高于高麦间作或小麦单一栽培。我们得出的结论是，双低油菜籽和小麦的间作有潜力增加某些菜豆物种的种群，因此可能对某些双低油菜籽害虫施加更大的压力。

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