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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science and Pollution Research >Effect on the growth and development and induction of abnormalities by a glyphosate commercial formulation and its active ingredient during two developmental stages of the South-American Creole frog, Leptodactylus latrans
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Effect on the growth and development and induction of abnormalities by a glyphosate commercial formulation and its active ingredient during two developmental stages of the South-American Creole frog, Leptodactylus latrans

机译：草甘膦商业制剂及其活性成分对南美克里奥尔人青蛙Leptodactylus latrans的两个发育阶段的生长，发育和异常诱导的影响

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摘要

We evaluated the acute lethal and sublethal effects of technical-grade glyphosate (GLY) and the GLY-based commercial formulation Roundup ULTRA MAXA (R) (RU) on two Gosner stages (Gss) 25 and 36 of the South-American Creole frog, Leptodactylus latrans. Bioassays were performed following standardized methods within a wide range of concentrations (0.0007-9.62 mg of acid equivalents per liter-a.e./L-of RU and 3-300 mg/L of GLY). The endpoints evaluated were mortality, swimming activity, growth, development, and the presence of morphologic abnormalities, especially in the mouthparts. No lethal effects were observed on larvae exposed to GLY during either Gs-25 or Gs-36. The concentrations inducing 50 % lethality in RU-exposed larvae at different exposure times and Gss ranged from 3.26 to 9.61 mg a.e./L. Swimming activity was affected by only RU. Effects on growth and development and the induction of morphologic abnormalities-like oral abnormalities and edema-were observed after exposure to either GLY or RU. Gs-25 was the most sensitive stage to both forms of the herbicide. The commercial formulation was much more toxic than the active ingredient on all the endpoints assessed. Effects on growth, development, and the induction of morphologic abnormalities observed in the range of environmental concentrations reported for agroecosystems of Argentina constitute an alert to the potential detrimental effects of the herbicide that could be affecting the fitness and survival of anurans in agroecosystems.
机译：我们评估了工业级草甘膦（GLY）和基于GLY的商业制剂Roundup ULTRA MAXA（R）（RU）对南美克里奥尔语青蛙的两个Gosner阶段（Gss）25和36的急性致死和亚致死作用，羊脂线虫。按照标准方法在较宽的浓度范围内（0.0007-9.62 mg酸当量/升RU和3-300 mg / L GLY）进行生物测定。评估的终点是死亡率，游泳活动，生长，发育以及形态异常的存在，尤其是在口器中。在Gs-25或Gs-36期间，未暴露于GLY的幼虫未观察到致死作用。在不同暴露时间和Gss下，暴露于RU的幼虫引起50％致死率的浓度范围为3.26至9.61 mg a.e./L。游泳活动仅受RU影响。暴露于GLY或RU后，观察到对生长发育和形态异常如口腔异常和浮肿等的影响。 Gs-25是这两种除草剂最敏感的阶段。在所有评估的终点上，商业制剂的毒性都比活性成分高得多。在阿根廷农业生态系统报告的环境浓度范围内观察到的对生长，发育和形态异常的诱导作用，提示除草剂的潜在有害作用可能会影响农业生态系统中金刚烷的适应性和存活。

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