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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science and Pollution Research >Mitigation of nutrient losses via surface runoff from rice cropping systems with alternate wetting and drying irrigation and site-specific nutrient management practices
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Mitigation of nutrient losses via surface runoff from rice cropping systems with alternate wetting and drying irrigation and site-specific nutrient management practices

机译：通过交替的干湿灌溉和特定地点的养分管理做法，通过稻作系统的地表径流减少养分流失

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Resource-conserving irrigation and fertilizer management practices have been developed for rice systems which may help address water quality concerns by reducing N and P losses via surface runoff. Field experiments under three treatments, i.e., farmers' conventional practice (FCP), alternate wetting and drying (AWD), and AWD integrated with site-specific nutrient management (AWD + SSNM) were carried out during two rice seasons at two sites in the southwest Yangtze River delta region. Across site years, results indicated that under AWD irrigation (i.e., AWD and AWD + SSNM), water inputs were reduced by 13.4-27.5 % and surface runoff was reduced by 30.2-36.7 % compared to FCP. When AWD was implemented alone, total N and P loss masses via surface runoff were reduced by 23.3-30.4 % and 26.9-31.7 %, respectively, compared to FCP. However, nutrient concentrations of surface runoff did not decrease under AWD alone. Under AWD + SSNM, total N and P loss masses via surface runoff were reduced to a greater extent than AWD alone (39.4-47.6 % and 46.1-48.3 % compared to FCP, respectively), while fertilizer inputs and N surpluses significantly decreased and rice grain yields increased relative to FCP. Therefore, by more closely matching nutrient supply with crop demand and reducing both surface runoff and nutrient concentrations of surface runoff, our results demonstrate that integration of AWD and SSNM practices can mitigate N and P losses via surface runoff from rice fields while maintaining high yields.
机译：已经为水稻系统开发了节约资源的灌溉和肥料管理措施，可通过减少地表径流减少氮和磷的损失，从而帮助解决水质问题。在两个水稻季节的两个水稻季节，分别在三个稻田进行了田间试验，即农民的常规做法（FCP），交替湿润和干燥（AWD）以及结合特定地点的养分管理（AWD + SSNM）的AWD。西南长江三角洲地区。在整个站点年中，结果表明，与FCP相比，在AWD灌溉（即AWD和AWD + SSNM）的灌溉下，水的输入量减少了13.4-27.5％，地表径流减少了30.2-36.7％。当单独实施AWD时，与FCP相比，通过表面径流的总N和P损失质量分别减少了23.3-30.4％和26.9-31.7％。但是，单独使用AWD时，地表径流的养分浓度并没有降低。在AWD + SSNM下，通过地表径流的总N和P损失量比单独AWD减少的程度更大（分别比FCP减少39.4-47.6％和46.1-48.3％），而肥料投入和氮过剩显着减少，水稻相对于FCP，谷物产量增加。因此，通过使养分供应与作物需求更紧密地匹配，并减少地表径流和地表径流的养分浓度，我们的结果表明，AWD和SSNM措施的结合可以减轻稻田地表径流的氮和磷损失，同时保持高产量。

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