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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science and Pollution Research >Enhanced soil washing process for the remediation of PBDEs/Pb/Cd-contaminated electronic waste site with carboxymethyl chitosan in a sunflower oil-water solvent system and microbial augmentation
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Enhanced soil washing process for the remediation of PBDEs/Pb/Cd-contaminated electronic waste site with carboxymethyl chitosan in a sunflower oil-water solvent system and microbial augmentation

机译：在向日葵油-水溶剂系统中采用羧甲基壳聚糖对土壤中多溴二苯醚/铅/镉/镉污染的电子废物场地进行改良的土壤洗涤过程，并增强微生物

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摘要

An innovative ex situ soil washing technology was developed to remediate polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and heavy metals in an electronic waste site. Elevated temperature (50 degrees C) in combination with ultrasonication (40 kHz, 20 min) at 5.0 mL L-1 sunflower oil and 2.5 g L-1 carboxymethyl chitosan were found to be effective in extracting mixed pollutants from soil. After two successive washing cycles, the removal efficiency rates for total PBDEs, BDE28, BDE47, BDE209, Pb, and Cd were approximately 94.1, 93.4, 94.3, 99.1, 89.3, and 92.7 %, respectively. Treating the second washed soil with PBDE-degrading bacteria (Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1) inoculation and nutrient addition for 3 months led to maximum biodegradation rates of 37.3, 52.6, 23.9, and 1.3 % of the remaining total PBDEs, BDE28, BDE47, BDE209, respectively. After the combined treatment, the microbiological functions of washed soil was partially restored, as indicated by a significant increase in the counts, biomass C, N, and functioning diversity of soil microorganisms (p<0.05), and the residual PBDEs and heavy metals mainly existed as very slow desorbing fractions and residual fractions, as evaluated by Tenax extraction combined with a first-three-compartment model and sequential extraction with metal stability indices (I-R and U-ts). Additionally, the secondary environmental risk of mixed contaminants in the remediated soil was limited. Therefore, the proposed combined cleanup strategy is an environment-friendly technology that is important for risk assessment and management in mixed-contaminated sites.
机译：开发了一种创新的异地土壤冲洗技术，以补救电子废物现场中的多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和重金属。发现在5.0 mL L-1葵花籽油和2.5 g L-1羧甲基壳聚糖中，高温（50摄氏度）结合超声处理（40 kHz，20分钟）可有效地从土壤中提取混合污染物。经过两个连续的洗涤循环后，总PBDEs，BDE28，BDE47，BDE209，Pb和Cd的去除效率分别约为94.1％，93.4、94.3、99.1、89.3和92.7％。用降解多溴二苯醚的细菌（红球菌属菌株RHA1）接种第二批水洗土壤并添加养分3个月，导致最大生物降解率为剩余的多溴二苯醚，BDE28，BDE47，BDE209的37.3％，52.6％，23.9％和1.3％ ， 分别。联合处理后，水洗土壤的微生物功能得以部分恢复，表现为土壤微生物数量，生物量碳，氮和功能多样性的显着增加（p <0.05），而残留的多溴二苯醚和重金属主要通过Tenax萃取结合前三室模型和具有金属稳定性指数（IR和U-ts）的顺序萃取评估，存在的脱附组分和残留组分非常缓慢。此外，修复土壤中混合污染物的次要环境风险也受到限制。因此，建议的联合清理策略是一种环保技术，对于混合污染场所的风险评估和管理非常重要。

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