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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Sex Discrimination via Anal Gland Secretion in a Territorial Monogamous Mammal
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Sex Discrimination via Anal Gland Secretion in a Territorial Monogamous Mammal

机译：通过一夫一妻制哺乳动物的肛门腺分泌物进行性别歧视

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Monogamy in mammals is relatively unusual, only occurring in 3-5% and to an even lesser degree in rodents. Monogamy exists in two forms, facultative which evolved due to female dispersion and obligate when male care is needed for offspring survival. Most monogamous rodents use scent marking as a form of territorial defence to obtain exclusive access to vital resources. Intrasexual competition occurs in many species to maintain pair bonds and also to signal presence within a territory. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that resident obligate monogamous Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) can discriminate between the sexes when investigating anal gland secretions (AGS) from unknown (stranger) mated pairs. We predicted that, due to intrasexual competition, dominant territorial male and female beavers will display a stronger response to AGS of same-sex conspecifics. Territorial intrusion by mated pair strangers was simulated by the formation of experimental scent mounds (ESM) with AGS. Our results showed that both sexes (1) displayed a stronger response to the male AGS in sniffing duration, (2) physically responded for longer durations towards male AGS and (3) overmarked male AGS more frequently. We infer that obligate monogamous mammals can determine the sexual identity of intruding conspecifics of a mated pair via AGS and that intruding males may pose more of a threat to resident males via intrasexual competition and resident females due to the long-term costs, such as infanticide and abortion, of a new dominant male.
机译：一夫一妻制在哺乳动物中是相对不寻常的，仅在啮齿类动物中发生率为3-5％，甚至更低。一夫一妻制以两种形式存在，兼性是由于女性的分散而发展的，而当男性需要后代生存时则必须专一。大多数一夫一妻制啮齿动物使用气味标记作为领土防御的一种形式，以获得对重要资源的专有访问权。在许多物种中，发生了内部竞争，以维持配对关系，并发出一个区域内存在的信号。在这项研究中，我们检验了以下假设：当调查未知（陌生人）对中的肛门腺分泌物（AGS）时，常住的一夫一妻制欧亚海狸（蓖麻纤维）可以区分性别。我们预测，由于性别间的竞争，优势领地的海狸和雌性海狸对同性物种的AGS表现出更强的反应。配偶对陌生人的领土入侵是通过使用AGS形成实验性香丘（ESM）来模拟的。我们的结果表明，两种性别（1）在嗅探过程中对雄性AGS表现出更强的反应，（2）对雄性AGS的身体反应时间更长，并且（3）雄性AGS的标记频率更高。我们推断，专一性的一夫一妻制哺乳动物可以通过AGS来确定交配对的侵入种的性别身份，而侵入性的雄性可能由于长期的成本（例如杀婴）而通过内部竞争和对居住的雌性构成更大的威胁。和一个新的优势男性堕胎。

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