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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Successful Colonization of a Novel Urban Environment is Associated with an Urban Behavioural Syndrome in a Reed-Nesting Waterbird
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Successful Colonization of a Novel Urban Environment is Associated with an Urban Behavioural Syndrome in a Reed-Nesting Waterbird

机译：在芦苇巢的水鸟中，新型城市环境的成功殖民与城市行为综合症有关

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Urbanization is currently considered one of the most rapid types of global environmental change. More and more wildlife species are subject to increasing anthropogenic disturbance, but only some of them adapt to become successful urban exploiters. Although a number of fixed life history characteristics may enhance population persistence in an urbanized landscape, behavioural traits are thought to be critical for colonization of a novel urban environment. Within the class of birds, behavioural responses to urban environment have been assessed mostly for passerine species. Here, I examined behavioural alterations in a recently founded urban population of a reed-nesting rallid species, the Eurasian coot Fulica atra. I found that urban coots adapted to nest in anthropogenically transformed littoral zones with scarce or no emergent vegetation, which precluded efficient nest concealment. Despite this, urban individuals spent, on average, less time incubating due to more frequent bouts off the nest than suburban conspecifics. This pattern was likely possible due to the relaxation of predation pressure in the colonized urban environment. Urban birds were also more aggressive, approached a human intruder at the nest more closely and were more likely to actively defend their nests. Finally, they had a reduced level of physiological stress (as measured with heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio) when compared with suburban individuals. In conclusion, the behaviour of coots from the recently founded urban population was consistent with behavioural syndromes found in typical urban exploiters. The results support the central role of behavioural adaptation in successful colonization of novel environments by wildlife.
机译：当前，城市化被认为是全球环境变化最快的类型之一。越来越多的野生动植物受到人类活动的干扰，但只有其中一些适应成为成功的城市开发者。尽管许多固定的生活史特征可能会增强城市化景观中的人口持久性，但人们认为行为特征对于新型城市环境的殖民化至关重要。在鸟类类别中，大多数针对雀形目物种的行为对城市环境的反应都得到了评估。在这里，我研究了在最近建立的一种芦苇嵌套的拉利尔树种（欧亚白骨顶叶F）的行为改变。我发现城市白骨适合在人为转换的沿海地带筑巢，而这些地带几乎没有植被，没有植被，因此无法有效地掩盖巢穴。尽管如此，由于巢穴发作的频率比郊区的物种高，因此城市居民平均花费的孵化时间更少。这种模式可能是由于殖民化的城市环境中捕食压力的放松所致。城市鸟类也更具侵略性，更靠近鸟巢处的人类入侵者，并且更有可能积极防御其鸟巢。最后，与郊区人相比，他们的生理压力水平有所降低（用异源性/淋巴细胞比率衡量）。总之，最近建立的城市人口的老傻瓜行为与典型的城市开发者发现的行为综合症一致。结果支持了行为适应在野生生物成功定殖新环境中的核心作用。

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