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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >The Silent Bared-Teeth Face and the Crest-Raise of the Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx): a Contextual Analysis of Signal Function
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The Silent Bared-Teeth Face and the Crest-Raise of the Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx): a Contextual Analysis of Signal Function

机译：沉默的裸露牙齿的脸和山d（Mandrillus sphinx）的波峰提升：信号功能的上下文分析

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摘要

The functions of two visual signals of the mandrill [silent bared-teeth face (SBTF) and crest-raise (CR)] were investigated by quantifying the probability of each signal occurring across a set of distinct contexts. The motivation for the investigationwas twofold: (1) SBTF had been interpreted in diverse and sometimes contradictory ways, and (2) CR had been interpreted as a distinct signal from SBTF, despite indications that the two signals grade into one another. In our investigation we considered four functions for both SBTF and CR (threat, submissive, conciliatory, and ambivalent), and we made specific predictions about the relative probability that a signal with each of these functions should occur in different contexts. To determine if SBTF andCR represent a single graded signal, we analyzed them separately and together. We predicted that if they represent a single graded signal, then they should exhibit similar patterns of occurrence across contexts when they were analyzed separately, and that these patterns should be strengthened when they were analyzed together. The results showed that both SBTF and CR met the predictions for conciliatory signals, occurring most often in non-aggressive, non-hostile contexts and least often in aggressive,hostile contexts. The results were also consistent with the hypothesis that SBTF and CR represent a single graded signal.
机译：通过量化每个信号在一组不同上下文中出现的可能性，研究了山d的两个视觉信号的功能[无齿裸脸（SBTF）和and（CR）]。调查的动机是双重的：（1）SBTF被解释为多种多样且有时是相互矛盾的方式;（2）CR被解释为与SBTF截然不同的信号，尽管有迹象表明这两个信号可以相互转化。在我们的研究中，我们考虑了SBTF和CR的四个功能（威胁，顺从，和解和矛盾），并且对信号在不同环境中应具有的相对概率做出了具体预测。为了确定SBTF和CR是否代表单个分级信号，我们分别对它们进行了分析。我们预测，如果它们代表单个分级的信号，则当分别对其进行分析时，它们在跨上下文中应表现出相似的发生模式，并且当将它们一起分析时，应加强这些模式。结果表明，SBTF和CR均符合调解信号的预测，最常发生在非攻击性，非敌对的情况下，最少出现在侵略性，敌对的情况下。结果也与SBTF和CR代表单个分级信号的假设一致。

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