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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Development of Badges of Status in Captive Male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Relation to the Relative Ornamentation of Flock-Mates
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Development of Badges of Status in Captive Male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Relation to the Relative Ornamentation of Flock-Mates

机译：圈养雄性麻雀（Passer domesticus）身份徽章相对于群伴侣的相对装饰的发展

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The development of quality signals is expected to be largely influenced by environmental conditions among which the social environment could be an important factor, particularly in gregarious animals. Here, we investigated the role of the presumed social environment on the development of badge size in moulting male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) over a 3-yr time span. House Sparrow badges are testosterone-dependent ornaments that are typically argued to be badges of status that is, signals of competitive ability and aggression. Immediately prior to moult, we created several groups of males, either with similarly sized badges or with badges of different sizes, and we measured each male's badge size before and after moult. The former groups were presumed to have a less clear social hierarchy than the latter groups because of group members advertising relatively similar competitive ability (and thus were expected to more frequently challenge one another in order to establish dominance). Conversely, the latter groups were presumed to have relatively higher social stability because birds would less frequently encounter rivals advertising similar agonistic threat. We predicted in groups of birds with similarly sized badges, both (1) larger changes (i.e. increases or decreases) in badge sizes and (2) higher increases in between-individual variation within groups. The first prediction was supported in one of the 3yrs, but there was no support for the second prediction in any year. We conclude that social environment has an effect on the development of badges of status, but that it is highly contingent on the specific nature and timing of group interactions.
机译：预期质量信号的发展将在很大程度上受环境条件的影响，其中社会环境可能是一个重要因素，尤其是在群居动物中。在这里，我们调查了假定的社会环境在3年时间内蜕变的雄性麻雀（Passer domesticus）徽章大小发展中的作用。麻雀徽章是依赖睾丸激素的装饰品，通常被认为是地位的象征，即竞争能力和侵略性的信号。即将换羽前，我们创建了几组雄性，使用大小相似的徽章或大小不同的徽章，并测量了换羽前后每个雄性的徽章大小。假定前者的社会等级制度不如后者，这是因为团体成员具有相对相似的竞争能力（因此，人们将更频繁地相互挑战以确立统治地位）。相反地​​，后一种群体被认为具有相对较高的社会稳定性，因为鸟类很少会遇到竞争对手，它们会发出类似的激动性威胁。我们预测在具有相似大小徽章的鸟群中，（1）徽章大小的较大变化（即增加或减小）和（2）组内个体间差异的增加都更大。第一个预测在3年之一中得到支持，但是任何一年都没有第二个预测得到支持。我们得出结论，社会环境对身份徽章的发展有影响，但它很大程度上取决于群体互动的具体性质和时机。

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