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Scent-Mark Identification and Scent-Marking Behaviour in African Wild Dogs (Lycaon pictus)

机译：非洲野狗（Lycaon pictus）的气味标记识别和气味标记行为

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摘要

Scent-marking is common in mammals, but where signals are carried by urine and faeces, distinguishing between scent-marking and mere elimination is problematic. To do so, we documented behaviours and context variables associated with urination and defecation in free-ranging endangered African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and tested whether these were related to the responses of other dogs to deposits. We found that distinct postures were almost uniquely associated with deposits by dominant wild dogs, were more common during urination than defecation, and increased the likelihood that these deposits would be investigated by other wild dogs. The likelihood of investigation depended on the sex and dominance status of the depositor, the type of deposit and the substrate. Urine from dominant females was more likely to be investigated by other wild dogs than any other deposits, and deposits placed on vegetation were more likely to be investigated than those on bare ground. The likelihood that a deposit would be overmarked was affected by the deposit type and the sex and dominance status of the last depositor. Collectively, these results suggest that dominant wild dog urine is of greatest interest to other dogs. Our results show that some deposits by African wild dogs are not scent-marks and that detailed observations of behaviours and context variables during elimination events can be used to distinguish deposits that are likely to be of communication value.
机译：气味标记在哺乳动物中很常见，但是在尿液和粪便携带信号的地方，区分气味标记和仅消除气味是有问题的。为此，我们记录了自由放养的濒临灭绝的非洲野狗（Lycaon pictus）中与排尿和排便相关的行为和上下文变量，并测试了这些行为和上下文变量是否与其他狗对沉积物的反应有关。我们发现明显的姿势几乎与优势野狗的沉积物唯一相关，在排尿过程中比排便更常见，并且增加了其他野狗调查这些沉积物的可能性。调查的可能性取决于存款人的性别和主导地位，存款的类型和底物。与其他沉积物相比，优势雌性的尿液更可能被其他野狗调查，放置在植被上的沉积物比裸露的土壤更容易被调查。存款超标的可能性受存款类型以及最后一位存款人的性别和支配地位的影响。总的来说，这些结果表明占主导地位的野狗尿液是其他狗最感兴趣的。我们的结果表明，非洲野狗的某些沉积物不是气味标记，而且消除事件期间行为和环境变量的详细观察可用于区分可能具有传播价值的沉积物。

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