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Behavioural Flexibility and Personality in Zebra Finches

机译：斑马雀的行为灵活性和个性

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Consistent individual differences in behaviour of animals, that is, personalities, are both widespread and widely studied, but very few studies also include cognitive traits in this context. Animal personality has recently been integrated into the pace-of-life-syndrome hypothesis, relating individual behavioural traits to life history. Variation in cognitive traits could be explained well by this theoretical framework. A risk-reward trade-off might lead to different cognitive types: Active birds that learn fast, take risks and probably have a fast lifestyle and less active, slow learning birds that are risk averse but thereby perform better in reversal learning as they probably pay more attention to external cues. We investigated the performance of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) in a cognitively challenging reversal learning task and linked this to two personality traits: activity and fearfulness. Male birds were better in reversal learning than females. While no personality-related differences occurred in the initial learning of our task, more active and fearful birds relearned the cue-reward association faster. While birds of different sex might have revealed different risk-taking strategies in the training, our findings do not reveal the expected direction of a risk-reward trade-off in the reversal learning. It seems likely that a more general and personality-related cognitive ability might improve performance across different tasks. The linkage between personality and cognition documented here could hence suggest that cognitive traits are indeed part of an overall pace-of-life syndrome.
机译：动物行为的一致个体差异，即人格特征，已得到广泛研究，但在这种情况下，很少有研究包含认知特征。动物性格最近已被整合到生活节奏综合症假说中，将个体的行为特征与生活史联系起来。这种理论框架可以很好地解释认知特征的变化。风险与收益的权衡可能会导致不同的认知类型：学习速度快，承担风险并且可能具有快速生活方式的活跃鸟类，以及对风险规避的不活跃，学习缓慢的鸟类，因此在反向学习中表现更好，因为它们可能会付出代价更加注意外部提示。我们调查了斑马雀（Taeniopygia guttata）在具有挑战性的逆向学习任务中的表现，并将其与两个人格特质联系在一起：活动性和恐惧感。雄鸟在逆向学习方面比雌鸟好。尽管在开始学习我们的任务时没有与人格相关的差异发生，但更活跃和更害怕的鸟儿更快地重新获得了线索-奖励关联。尽管不同性别的鸟在训练中可能揭示了不同的冒险策略，但我们的发现并未揭示反向学习中风险与收益权衡的预期方向。似乎更一般的与人格相关的认知能力可能会改善不同任务的表现。因此，本文记录的人格与认知之间的联系可能表明，认知特征确实是整体生活节奏综合症的一部分。

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