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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Investigating the Effect of Familiarity on Kin Recognition of Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
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Investigating the Effect of Familiarity on Kin Recognition of Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

机译：研究熟悉度对三棘背Stick（Gasterosteus aculeatus）的亲缘识别的影响

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摘要

The ability to discriminate between related and unrelated individuals has been demonstrated in many species. The mechanisms behind this ability might be manifold and depend on the ecological context in which the species lives. In brood-caring species, both familiarity and phenotype matching are known to be used in kin recognition. However, results of studies disentangling these two phenomena have proved contradictory. We aimed to broaden our knowledge about the mechanisms of kin recognition using shoaling preferences of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) as a model behavior. In our first experiment, focal fish had the choice to shoal either with kin or unfamiliar non-kin. In half of the trials, kin groups were composed of familiar individuals, while they were unfamiliar in the other half. Focal fish significantly preferred kin as shoaling partner, a result which was not reinforced by familiarity. In our second experiment, focal fish were given the choice between a shoal of familiar kin and a shoal of unfamiliar kin. Here, focal fish did not show any significant preference. These results indicate that familiarity does not impact stickleback's ability to recognize kin. Furthermore, they show that familiarity does not overrule recognition based on phenotype matching or innate recognition, underlining the importance of these mechanisms. Finally, our results lead to the assumption that individual recognition might play a minor role also in non-kin-based preferences for familiars.
机译：在许多物种中已经证明了区分相关个体和无关个体的能力。这种能力背后的机制可能多种多样，并取决于该物种所生活的生态环境。在关心亲子的物种中，熟悉度和表型匹配均已知用于亲属识别。然而，研究证明这两种现象之间的纠缠是矛盾的。我们旨在通过使用三棘刺背stick（Gasterosteus aculeatus）的偏爱作为模型行为来拓宽对亲属识别机制的认识。在我们的第一个实验中，焦点鱼可以选择与亲戚或陌生的非亲戚一起钓鱼。在一半的试验中，亲属由熟悉的个体组成，而另一半则不熟悉。焦点鱼明显更喜欢亲属作为浅滩伙伴，结果并没有因熟悉而得到加强。在我们的第二个实验中，对焦点鱼类的选择是在熟悉的亲戚和不熟悉的亲戚之间进行选择。在这里，焦点鱼没有表现出任何明显的偏好。这些结果表明，熟悉程度不会影响stick回识别亲戚的能力。此外，他们表明，熟悉并不妨碍基于表型匹配或先天识别的识别，从而强调了这些机制的重要性。最后，我们的结果得出这样的假设：在对熟悉者的非亲属偏好中，个人认可也可能起次要作用。

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