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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Social reversal of sex-biased aggression and dominance in a biparental cichlid fish (Julidochromis marlieri).
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Social reversal of sex-biased aggression and dominance in a biparental cichlid fish (Julidochromis marlieri).

机译：在双亲丽鱼科鱼（Julidochromis marlieri）中，性别偏向的侵略和统治地位的社会逆转。

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In biparental species, aggression, dominance, and parental care are typically sexually dimorphic. While behavioral dimorphism is often strongly linked to gonadal sex, the environment - either social or ecological - may also influence sex-biased behavior. In the biparental cichlid fish Julidochromis marlieri, the typical social environment for breeding pairs consists of large females paired with smaller males. While both sexes are capable of providing territory defense and parental care, the larger female provides the majority of defense for the pair, while the smaller male remains in the nest guarding their offspring. We examine the contributions of sex and relative mate size to these sex-biased behaviors in monogamous J. marlieri pairs. Both female-larger and male-larger pairs were formed in the laboratory and were observed for territorial aggression (against conspecifics and heterospecifics), dominance, and parental care. In female-larger pairs, territorial aggression and intra-pair dominance were female-biased, while in male-larger pairs this bias was reversed. For both pairing types, the presence of an intruder amplified sex differences in territorial aggression, with the larger fish always attacking with greater frequency than its mate. Though less robust, there was evidence for plasticity of sex-bias for some egg care related behaviors in the inverse direction. Our study suggests that relative mate size strongly influences the sex bias of aggression and dominance in J. marlieri and that this aspect of the social environment can override the influence of gonadal sex on an individual's behavior. The remarkable plasticity of this species makes Julidochromis an exciting model that could be used to address the relationship between proximate and ultimate mechanisms of behavioral plasticity.
机译：在双亲物种中，侵略性，支配性和父母照顾通常是两性性的。虽然行为二态性通常与性行为强烈相关，但无论是社会环境还是生态环境都可能影响性别偏见的行为。在双亲丽鱼科鱼朱利德色（Julidochromis marlieri）中，典型的繁殖对的社会环境是由大型雌性和小型雄性组成。虽然这两种性别都可以提供领土防御和父母照料，但较大的雌性为这对夫妇提供了大部分防御，而较小的雄性则保留在巢穴中以保护其后代。我们研究了一夫一妻制J. marlieri对中性别和相对伴侣大小对这些性别偏见行为的贡献。女性对和男性对都在实验室中形成，并观察其领土侵略性（针对同种和异种），优势地位和父母照顾。在雌性较大的配对中，女性偏向于领土侵略和配对内优势，而在雄性较大的配对中，这种偏向被逆转。对于这两种配对，入侵者的存在加剧了领土侵略中的性别差异，较大的鱼类总是比其同伴更频繁地攻击。尽管不那么稳健，但有证据表明，某些鸡蛋护理相关行为的性别偏向具有可逆性。我们的研究表明，相对配偶的大小会极大地影响marlieri的侵略性和主导性的性别偏见，并且社会环境的这一方面可以覆盖性行为对个人行为的影响。该物种非凡的可塑性使朱利德莫利斯成为一个令人兴奋的模型，可用于解决行为可塑性的最接近机制与最终机制之间的关系。

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