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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Influences of Relatedness, Food Deprivation, and Sex on Adult Behaviors in the Group-living Insect Forficula auricularia
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Influences of Relatedness, Food Deprivation, and Sex on Adult Behaviors in the Group-living Insect Forficula auricularia

机译：相关性，食物匮乏和性别对成群生活的昆虫小泡耳成虫行为的影响

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The evolution of group living is generally associated with the emergence of social behaviors that ensure fitness benefits to group members. However, the expression of these behaviors may depend on group composition, which can vary over time with respect to sex, starvation status, and relatedness. Here, we investigated (1) whether adults of the group-living European earwig, Forficula auricularia, show cooperative behaviors toward conspecifics and (2) whether sex, food availability, and relatedness shape the nature and frequency of these behaviors. We conducted a full-factorial experiment using 108 unisexual pairs of adults, in which we manipulated these three factors and video-recorded the earwig behaviors for 45 min. Our results revealed that adults mostly expressed self-directed and aggressive behaviors. Nevertheless, they also showed allogrooming, a social behavior that offers scope for cooperation. Pairs of males displayed longer bouts of aggression and allogrooming (when it occurred) than pairs of females. Food deprivation had no effect on male behaviors, but females spent less time self-grooming and walking when they were food deprived. Finally, low relatedness between adults did not influence any of the measured behaviors, but exacerbated frass production, possibly due to social stress. Overall, these results indicate the limited role of cooperation among F. auricularia adults during their group-living phase
机译：集体生活的发展通常与确保集体成员受益的社会行为的出现有关。但是，这些行为的表达可能取决于群体组成，就性别，饥饿状态和亲属关系而言，群体组成可能随时间而变化。在这里，我们调查了（1）成年生活的欧洲wig（Forficula auricularia）的成年成年人是否表现出针对特定物种的合作行为，以及（2）性别，食物供应状况和相关性是否影响了这些行为的性质和频率。我们对108个单性成年人进行了全要素实验，其中我们操纵了这三个因素，并通过视频记录了45分钟的min行为。我们的结果表明，成年人大多表现出自我指导和攻击行为。然而，他们也表现出了调皮，一种为合作提供空间的社会行为。成对的男性比成对的女性表现出更长的侵略性和同调性（发生时）。食物匮乏对男性行为没有影响，但是女性在缺乏食物时花费更少的时间进行自我美容和散步。最后，成年人之间的低亲缘关系并不会影响任何可测量的行为，但是可能由于社会压力而加剧了鱼的产量。总体而言，这些结果表明，耳廓成虫在成年生活中的合作作用有限。

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