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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Mutual Wattle Ornaments in the South Island Saddleback (Philesturnus carunculatus) Function as Armaments
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Mutual Wattle Ornaments in the South Island Saddleback (Philesturnus carunculatus) Function as Armaments

机译：南岛马鞍（Philesturnus carunculatus）中的互生荆饰作为武器

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摘要

Many birds have ornamental traits that are expressed in both sexes. Wattlescolorful fleshy structures that hang from the lower billare frequent among birds, but remain poorly understood and are generally presumed to be under sexual selection. The South Island saddleback (Philesturnus carunculatus) is an endangered bird endemic to New Zealand in which both males and females possess wattles. We used behavioral observations, morphological measures, and a playback experiment to investigate the role of wattles in saddlebacks during territorial encounters. Wattles were monomorphic when controlled for body mass, and became engorged with blood in both sexes during visual displays. In a playback experiment using male song, wattle engorgement was significantly associated with territorial intrusions in males but not in females. However, female wattle engorgement was significantly more likely during playback experiments in the absence of their mate, suggesting wattles are used in territorial defense by both sexes. The markedly similar use of wattles by both males and females in visual displays as a response to territorial intrusions supports the hypothesis that these elaborate structures function in part as armaments.
机译：许多鸟类具有两性都有的观赏性。雀形花肉多肉的结构悬挂在较低的比尔鸟上，在鸟类中很常见，但了解得很少，通常被认为是在性选择下进行的。南岛的鞍背马（Philesturnus carunculatus）是新西兰特有的濒临灭绝的鸟类，其雌雄都具鳞片。我们使用行为观察，形态学方法和回放实验来研究在遇到领土时，荆棘在鞍背中的作用。当控制体重时，篱笆条是单态的，在视觉展示期间，两性都充血。在使用男性歌曲的播放实验中，男性饱食感与领土入侵显着相关，而女性则不然。但是，在没有伴侣的情况下进行回放实验时，雌性食肉饱食的可能性更大，这表明两性都使用了食肉来进行领土防御。雄性和雌性在视觉显示中对篱笆的使用明显相似，以作为对领土入侵的回应，支持了以下假设：这些精致的结构部分用作武器。

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