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How Pronghorn Females Avoid Inbreeding Depression

机译：叉角羚女性如何避免近亲抑郁

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After a bottleneck in a closed population of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), some inbred matings occurred, and we detected significant inbreeding depression. But inbred matings occurred less frequently than would be expected by chance. Pronghorn females chose mates after a sampling period and had complete control of the mating decision. Therefore, to discover the behavioral mechanism by which females avoided mating with close kin, we studied female movements and courtship sequences. When females moved from one harem to another in the sampling process, they did not shift to harem males of lower coancestry as they approached estrus. Rather, females progressed more slowly through the later courtship stages when the harem male was related vs. unrelated. Also, the rates of male courtship acts were higher within unrelated vs. related pairs. Some females appeared to use multiple mating as an inbreeding avoidance strategy. Our results suggested that inbreeding avoidance by female pronghorn occurred primarily by reactions to the late stages of male courtship, rather than by spatial avoidance of related males.
机译：在叉角羚（Antilocapra americana）的封闭种群出现瓶颈后，发生了一些近交交配，并且我们发现了明显的近交衰退。但是近交交配发生的频率比偶然的情况要低。叉角羚雌性经过一段采样期后选择了伴侣，并完全控制了交配决定。因此，为了发现女性避免与近亲交配的行为机制，我们研究了女性的运动和求爱序列。当雌性在采样过程中从一种后宫移到另一种后宫时，当他们接近发情期时，他们并不会转移到后代较低的后宫雄性。相反，在后宫求偶阶段与后代不相关时，女性在较慢的求爱阶段中进步较慢。同样，在没有亲戚关系的夫妇中，男性求偶行为的发生率更高。一些雌性似乎使用多重交配作为近交回避策略。我们的研究结果表明，雌性叉角羚的近亲回避主要是由于对男性求偶后期的反应，而不是空间上对相关雄性的回避。

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