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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Not All Signals are Equal: Male Brown Anole Lizards (Anolis sagrei) Selectively Decrease Pushup Frequency Following a Simulated Predatory Attack
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Not All Signals are Equal: Male Brown Anole Lizards (Anolis sagrei) Selectively Decrease Pushup Frequency Following a Simulated Predatory Attack

机译：并非所有信号均相等：在模拟掠食性攻击后，雄性棕Anole蜥蜴（Anolis sagrei）选择性降低俯卧撑频率

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摘要

The use of conspicuous communication signals often increases a signaler's risk of predation. Many species communicate with a repertoire of signals that may differ in their conspicuousness to predators. Few studies have examined the ability of prey toselectively decrease the use of individual signals in their displays under heightened predation risk. Here, I examined the behavior of male brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) in response to a simulated predatory attack from a model kestrel. This speciescommunicates with three major visual signal types, the head-bob, pushup, and dewlap extension, which vary in their motion and spectral characteristics. I predicted that lizards would decrease frequencies of the dewlap extension and pushup following theattack, but not the head-bob. Males modulated their use of individual signals by decreasing pushup rates, but not head-bob rates. Decreases in dewlap frequency were marginally significant. One explanation for these results is that lizards decrease frequencies of signal types based partly on their conspicuous-ness. The energetic cost of each signal type may be an equally important factor that determines the signaler's response to predators, particularly if a predatory attack is perceived as imminent.
机译：使用明显的通信信号通常会增加发信号器被捕食的风险。许多物种会与一系列信号进行通讯，这些信号可能对捕食者的影响明显不同。很少有研究检查在高捕食风险下猎物有选择地减少其显示中单个信号的使用的能力。在这里，我检查了雄性棕色棕蜥蜴（Anolis sagrei）的行为，以响应来自模型茶model的模拟掠食性攻击。该物种与三种主要的视觉信号类型进行通信，即前悬，俯卧和耳垂扩展，它们的运动和频谱特性有所不同。我预测蜥蜴会降低攻击后的去皮延伸和俯卧撑的频率，但不会降低前悬锤的频率。雄性通过降低俯卧撑率来调节他们对单个信号的使用，但没有降低头顶摆动率。脱脂频率的降低幅度很小。这些结果的一种解释是，蜥蜴部分地基于其显眼性来降低信号类型的频率。每种信号类型的能量消耗可能是决定发信号者对掠食者反应的同等重要因素，尤其是当掠夺性攻击即将来临时。

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