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首页> 外文期刊>Ethology >Construction of Nest Defensive Structure According to Offspring Value and Its Effect on Predator's Attack Decision in Paper Wasps
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Construction of Nest Defensive Structure According to Offspring Value and Its Effect on Predator's Attack Decision in Paper Wasps

机译：基于后代值的巢式防御结构的构建及其对纸黄蜂捕食者攻击决策的影响

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摘要

Various organisms are known to build nests with defensive structures to protect their offspring from predation, but our understanding of plasticity in the nest structure remains poor. In this study, we investigated whether a paper wasp, Polistes chinensis antennalis, adjusted the construction of nest defensive structure according to the value of their offspring, and we also analysed the effect of adjusting the construction of the structure on predator's decision to attack. P.chinensis antennalis foundresses start a colony and maintain her nest alone until the emergence of workers. During this stage, foundresses often construct a defensive structure on cocoon caps of pupae using nest materials (pulp), which prevents predation of pupae by conspecifics from other nests. The value of pupae to the foundress varies among those in a nest, where the value is higher in pupae that spun the cocoon (and initiated pupation) earlier than other pupae in the nest. From field observations, we found that foundresses constructed a larger pulp structure on the cocoons of pupae that cocooned earlier in the order of cocoon spinning, even after considering confounding factors. We also found that the probability of a pupa being attacked by conspecific intruders decreased with the size of pulp structure on the cocoon. This indicates that intruders avoid attacking cocoons with larger pulp structures. Our study indicates that foundresses adjust the construction of nest defensive structures according to their offspring value, and this allows them to protect the high-value offspring efficiently and effectively.
机译：已知各种生物利用防御结构筑巢以保护其后代免遭捕食，但我们对巢结构可塑性的理解仍然很差。在这项研究中，我们调查了一种黄蜂，Polistes chinensisennalis是否根据其后代的价值来调节巢防御结构的构造，并且还分析了调节构造对捕食者进攻决策的影响。中华假单胞菌的始祖开始了一个殖民地并独自维持其巢穴，直到工人出现。在此阶段，建国者通常使用巢材料（纸浆）在of的茧帽上构造防御结构，从而防止by虫从其他巢中捕捞到ae。巢中found的价值在巢中有所变化，其中在巢中纺出茧（并引发化up）的p的价值要比巢中其他p更高。从野外观察中，我们发现，即使考虑了混杂因素，奠基人在p的茧上也构建了更大的果肉结构，这些茧以茧纺的顺序更早地被茧化。我们还发现，蚕茧被同种入侵者侵袭的概率随果肉结构尺寸的减小而降低。这表明入侵者避免攻击具有更大果肉结构的茧。我们的研究表明，奠基者根据后代的价值来调整筑巢防御结构的构造，这使他们能够有效地保护高价值的后代。

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