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Unravelling the Philosophies Underlying 'Animal Personality' Studies: A Brief Re-Appraisal of the Field

机译：揭示“动物人格”研究基础的哲学：对该领域的简要重新评估

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The last decade has seen lots of studies on animal personality' (i.e. the study of consistent between-individual behavioural differences). As timely and promising as this field is, its development has come with a diversity of research questions. As an unfortunate consequence, it now suffers from substantial confusion about what animal personality' is, and how relevant related research frameworks are. Here, we stress the current inconsistencies and sources of confusion pertaining to the field, and their consequences on terminology used and miscommunication between researchers. In an attempt to unravel and clarify the concepts underlying the field, we identify two distinct, but complementary, theory-driven conceptual frameworks: the intra-individual variability (IIV) approach and the life-history (LH) approach, which we believe encompass the vast majority of existing personality studies'. Finally, we argue in favour of theory-driven studies of consistent behavioural differences and state that the integrative statistical properties of random regression models should not override the merit of alternative conceptual frameworks. We then provide brief guidelines and warnings for a parsimonious and sound use of terminology.
机译：在过去的十年中，进行了许多有关动物性格的研究（即对个体之间行为差异的一致研究）。尽管这个领域是及时和有希望的，但它的发展伴随着各种各样的研究问题。不幸的是，它现在对于什么是动物性格以及相关的研究框架如何存在着极大的困惑。在这里，我们强调与该领域相关的当前矛盾和根源，以及它们对所用术语的影响以及研究人员之间的误解。为了弄清和阐明该领域的概念，我们确定了两个不同但互补的，理论驱动的概念框架：个体内部变异性（IIV）方法和生活历史（LH）方法，我们认为它们涵盖了现有的大多数人格研究”。最后，我们主张采用理论驱动的一致行为差异研究，并指出随机回归模型的综合统计特性不应凌驾替代性概念框架的优点。然后，我们提供了简短和合理使用术语的简要指南和警告。

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