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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental microbiology >Methanogenesis, sulfate reduction and crude oil biodegradation in hot Alaskan oilfields
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Methanogenesis, sulfate reduction and crude oil biodegradation in hot Alaskan oilfields

机译：阿拉斯加高温油田的甲烷生成，硫酸盐还原和原油生物降解

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Petrochemical and geological evidence suggest that petroleum in most reservoirs is anaerobically biodegraded to some extent. However, the conditions for this metabolism and the cultivation of the requisite microorganisms are rarely established. Here, we report on microbial hydrocarbon metabolism in two distinct oilfields on the North Slope of Alaska (designated Fields A and B). Signature anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolites were detected in produced water from the two oilfields offering evidence of in situ biodegradation activity. Rate measurements revealed that sulfate reduction was an important electron accepting process in Field A (6-807 μmol S l~(-1) day~(-1)), but of lesser consequence in Field B (0.1-10 μmol S l~(-1) day~(-1)). Correspondingly, enrichments established at 55°C with a variety of hydrocarbon mixtures showed relatively high sulfate consumption but low methane production in Field A incubations, whereas the opposite was true of the Field B enrichments. Repeated transfer of a Field B enrichment showed ongoing methane production in the presence of crude oil that correlated with ≥ 50% depletion of several component hydrocarbons. Molecular-based microbial community analysis of the methanogenic oil-utilizing consortium revealed five bacterial taxa affiliating with the orders Thermotogales, Synergistales, Deferribacterales (two taxa) and Thermoanaerobacterales that have known fermentative or syntrophic capability and one methanogen that is most closely affiliated with uncultured clones in the H_2-using family Methanobacteriaceae. The findings demonstrate that oilfield-associated microbial assemblages can metabolize crude oil under the thermophilic and anaerobic conditions prevalent in many petroleum reservoirs.
机译：石油化学和地质证据表明，大多数储层中的石油都在某种程度上厌氧生物降解。但是，这种代谢和必需微生物的培养的条件很少建立。在这里，我们报告了阿拉斯加北坡两个不同油田（称为A和B油田）中微生物碳氢化合物的代谢情况。在两个油田的采出水中检测到了标志性的厌氧烃代谢物，提供了原位生物降解活性的证据。速率测量表明，硫酸盐还原是场A（6-807μmolS l〜（-1）day〜（-1））中重要的电子接受过程，但在场B（0.1-10μmolS l〜 （-1）天〜（-1））。相应地，在55°C下使用多种烃类混合物建立的富集在田A孵化中显示出较高的硫酸盐消耗量，但甲烷生成量较低，而田B的富集则相反。油田B富集的重复转移表明，在存在原油的情况下，甲烷的生产仍在进行，这与几种组分烃的消耗≥50％相关。对利用甲烷的产油财团进行的基于分子的微生物群落分析显示，有五个细菌类群属于嗜热菌，协同子，去铁细菌（两个类群）和嗜热厌氧菌，它们具有发酵或同养能力，而一种产甲烷菌与未经培养的克隆最密切相关在使用H_2的甲烷菌科中。研究结果表明，在许多石油储层中普遍存在的高温和厌氧条件下，与油田相关的微生物组合可以代谢原油。

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