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Exploring integrated crop-livestock systems in different ecoregions of the United States

机译:在美国不同的生态区中探索农作物-畜牧综合系统

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Large-scale, energy-intensive, specialized production systems have dominated agricultural production in the United States for the past half-century. Although highly productive and economically successful, there is increasing concern with unintended negative environmental impacts of current agricultural systems. Production systems integrating crops and livestock have potential for providing additional ecosystem services from agriculture by capturing positive ecological interactions and avoiding negative environmental outcomes, while sustaining profitability. A diversity of ecologically sound integrated crop-livestock systems have been and can be employed in different ecoregions: sod-based crop rotations, grazing cover crops in cash-crop rotations, crop residue grazing, sod intercropping, dual-purpose cereal crops, and agro-forestry/silvopasture. Improved technologies in conservation tillage, weed control, fertilization, fencing, and planting, as well as improved plant genetics offer opportunities to facilitate successful adoption of integrated systems. This paper explores the use and potential of integrated crop-livestock systems in achieving environmental stewardship and maintaining profitability under a diversity of ecological conditions in the United States
机译:在过去的半个世纪中,大规模的能源密集型专业生产系统主导了美国的农业生产。尽管生产率高并且在经济上取得了成功,但人们日益关注当前农业系统的意外负面环境影响。整合农作物和牲畜的生产系统有潜力通过捕捉积极的生态互动并避免负面的环境结果,同时维持盈利能力,从而为农业提供更多的生态系统服务。在不同的生态区域中已经并可以采用多种生态上合理的农作物-畜牧综合系统:基于草皮的作物轮作,以经济作物轮作方式放牧地表作物,作物残渣放牧,草皮间作,两用谷物作物和农业-林业/农牧业。保护性耕作,杂草控制,施肥,围栏和种植方面的改进技术,以及改进的植物遗传学,为促进成功采用集成系统提供了机会。本文探讨了美国在各种生态条件下实现环境管理和维持获利能力的农作物-畜牧综合系统的用途和潜力。

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