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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Agronomy >Effects of different soil conservation tillage approaches on soil nutrients, water use and wheat-maize yield in rainfed dry-land regions of North China
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Effects of different soil conservation tillage approaches on soil nutrients, water use and wheat-maize yield in rainfed dry-land regions of North China

机译：北方旱作旱地不同保护性耕作方式对土壤养分，水分利用和小麦玉米产量的影响

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摘要

Excessive tillage compromises soil quality by causing severe water shortages that can lead to crop failure. Reports on the effects of conservation tillage on major soil nutrients, water use efficiency and gain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in rainfed regions in the North China Plain are relatively scarce. In this work, four tillage approaches were tested from 2004 to 2012 in a randomized study performed in triplicate: one conventional tillage and three conservation tillage experiments with straw mulching (no tillage during wheat and maize seasons, subsoiling during the maize season but no tillage during the wheat season, and ridge planting during both wheat and maize seasons). Compared with conventional tillage, by 2012, eight years of conservation tillage treatments (no tillage, subsoiling and ridge planting) resulted in a significant increase in available phosphorus in topsoil (0-0.20 m), by 3.8%, 37.8% and 36.9%, respectively. Soil available potassium was also increased following conservation tillage, by 13.6%, 37.5% and 25.0%, and soil organic matter by 0.17%, 5.65% and 4.77%, while soil total nitrogen was altered by-2.33%, 4.21% and 1.74%, respectively. Meanwhile, all three conservation tillage approaches increased water use efficiency, by 19.1-28.4% (average 24.6%), 10.1-23.8% (average 15.9%) and 11.2-20.7% (average 15.7%) in wheat, maize and annual, respectively. Additionally, wheat yield was increased by 7.9-12.0% (average 10.3%), maize yield by 13.4-24.6% (average 17.4%) and rotation annual yield by 12.3-16.9% (average 14.1%). Overall, our findings demonstrate that subsoiling and ridge planting with straw mulching performed better than conventional tillage for enhancing major soil nutrients and improving grain yield and water use'efficiency in rainfed regions in the North China Plain. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：过度耕作会导致严重缺水，从而导致作物歉收，从而损害土壤质量。在华北平原雨养地区，保护性耕作对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和玉米（Zea mays L.）主要土壤养分，水分利用效率和增产的影响的报道相对较少。在这项工作中，从2004年至2012年一式三份地进行了一项随机研究，对四种耕作方法进行了测试：一项常规耕作和三项秸秆覆盖保护性耕作试验（小麦和玉米季节不耕作，玉米季节不深耕，而玉米耕作期间不耕作）小麦季节，以及小麦和玉米季节的山脊播种）。与传统耕作相比，到2012年，八年的保护性耕作处理（不进行耕作，深耕和垄作）使表土（0-0.20 m）中的有效磷显着增加，分别增加3.8％，37.8％和36.9％，分别。保护性耕作后土壤有效钾也增加了13.6％，37.5％和25.0％，土壤有机质增加了0.17％，5.65％和4.77％，而土壤总氮变化了2.33％，4.21％和1.74％ ， 分别。同时，三种保护性耕作方法均提高了小麦，玉米和年度的水分利用效率，分别提高了19.1-28.4％（平均24.6％），10.1-23.8％（平均15.9％）和11.2-20.7％（平均15.7％）。 。此外，小麦单产提高了7.9-12.0％（平均10.3％），玉米单产提高了13.4-24.6％（平均17.4％），轮作年产量提高了12.3-16.9％（平均14.1％）。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在华北平原雨养地区，秸秆覆盖的深松和垄作种植比常规耕作效果更好，可提高主要土壤养分并提高谷物产量和水分利用效率。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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