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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of clinical nutrition >Taste and smell perception affect appetite and immunity in the elderly.
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Taste and smell perception affect appetite and immunity in the elderly.

机译：味觉和嗅觉会影响老年人的食欲和免疫力。

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摘要

The losses in taste and smell that occur with advancing age can lead to poor appetite, inappropriate food choices, as well as decreased energy consumption. Decreased energy consumption can be associated with impaired protein and micronutrient status and may induce subclinical deficiencies that directly impact function. Most nutritional interventions in the elderly do not compensate for taste and smell losses and complaints. For example, cancer is a medical condition in which conventional nutritional interventions (that do not compensate for taste and smell losses) are ineffective. Evidence is now emerging that suggests compensation for taste and smell losses with flavor-enhanced food can improve palatability and/or intake, increase salivary flow and immunity, reduce chemosensory complaints in both healthy and sick elderly, and lessen the need for table salt.
机译：随着年龄的增长，口味和气味的损失会导致食欲不振，食物选择不当以及能耗降低。能量消耗减少可能与蛋白质和微量营养素状态受损有关，并可能导致直接影响功能的亚临床缺陷。老年人的大多数营养干预措施并不能弥补味道和气味的流失和不适。例如，癌症是一种医学状况，其中常规的营养干预措施（不能补偿味觉和嗅觉损失）无效。越来越多的证据表明，用风味增强的食物来补偿味觉和气味损失可以改善适口性和/或摄入量，增加唾液流量和免疫力，减少健康老人和患病老人的化学感觉不适，并减少食用食盐的需求。

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