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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of clinical nutrition >Short-term regulation of food intake in children, young adults and the elderly.
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Short-term regulation of food intake in children, young adults and the elderly.

机译：儿童，年轻人和老年人的短期食物摄入量调节。

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OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the effects of consuming preloads with different macronutrient and energy contents on subsequent intake and subjective feelings of hunger and satiety in children, young adults and the elderly. SUBJECTS: 30 Children (4-6 y), 33 young adults (18-26 y) and 24 elderly (61-86 y). DESIGN: A 'preload test meal' design was applied. Subjects were given four different strawberry yoghurt preloads that varied in energy and macronutrient content, or no yoghurt. Children, young adults and elderly consumed 200, 340 and 300 g of the preload, respectively. One yoghurt was low-fat, low-carbohydrate and low in energy (the control; 0.7 MJ/500 g serving), one yoghurt was high-fat and medium in energy (71% of energy (en%) of fat; 2 MJ/500 g serving), one yoghurt was high-carbohydrate and medium in energy (87 en% of carbohydrate; 2 MJ/500 g serving) and the fourth yoghurt was high-fat and high-carbohydrate and high in energy (42 en% of fat and 53 en% of carbohydrate; 3 MJ/500 g serving). Ninety minutes after preload consumption, subjects had an attractive ad libitum lunch-buffet. Energy intake at lunch and subjective feelings of hunger and satiety were analysed. RESULTS: The ability to compensate at lunch did not differ among the three age groups. Compared to the no-preload condition, all children, young adults and elderly ate significantly less after the high-fat and high-carbohydrate yoghurt. The energy compensation observed in the children ranged between -21% and 34%, in the young adults between 15% and 44% and in the elderly between 17% and 23%. Hunger responses were clearly different between young adults and the elderly. Compared to the no-preload condition, the young adults showed larger differences in their appetite ratings than the elderly, indicating that the elderly were less sensitive to the energy content of the preload than the young adults. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the ability to regulate the food intake within a preload 90 min test meal paradigm did not differ among children, young adults and the elderly. Sponsorship: This study was funded by the European Commission as part of project FAIR-CT95-0574.
机译：目的：本研究调查了摄入不同常量营养素和能量含量的预负荷对儿童，年轻人和老年人随后摄入以及主观饥饿感和饱腹感的影响。对象：30名儿童（4-6岁），33名年轻人（18-26岁）和24名老人（61-86岁）。设计：采用“预负荷试验餐”设计。给受试者提供四种不同的草莓酸奶预紧力，这些预紧力的能量和常量营养素含量不同，或者没有酸奶。儿童，年轻人和老年人分别消耗了200克，340克和300克的预紧力。一种酸奶是低脂，低碳水化合物且能量低（对照; 0.7 MJ / 500克食用），一种酸奶是高脂且能量中等（脂肪的71％能量（en％）; 2 MJ） / 500克/份，其中一个酸奶是高碳水化合物且能量中等（碳水化合物的87 en％; 2 MJ / 500克一份），而第四酸奶则是高脂肪，高碳水化合物且能量很高的（42 en％脂肪和53 en％的碳水化合物;每500克3 MJ）。预紧力消费后的90分钟，受试者随意喝午餐。分析午餐时的能量摄入以及饥饿和饱腹感的主观感受。结果：三个年龄组的午餐补偿能力没有差异。与无负荷状态相比，所有儿童，年轻人和老年人在食用高脂和高碳水化合物的酸奶后的饮食量明显减少。在儿童中观察到的能量补偿在-21％至34％之间，在年轻人中介于15％至44％之间，在老年人中介于17％至23％之间。年轻人和老年人之间的饥饿反应明显不同。与无预紧情况相比，青年人的食欲指数差异比老年人大，这表明老年人比年轻人对食量的能量敏感性较低。结论：我们得出结论，在儿童，年轻人和老年人中，在预负荷90分钟的测试膳食范式中调节食物摄入的能力没有差异。赞助：这项研究由欧盟委员会FAIR-CT95-0574项目资助。

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