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High temperature shape memory alloys

机译：高温形状记忆合金

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Shape memory alloys (SMAs) with high transformation temperatures can enable simplifications and improvements in operating efficiency of many mechanical components designed to operate at temperatures above 100uC, potentially impacting the automotive, aerospace, manufacturing and energy exploration industries. A wide range of these SMAs exists and can be categorised in three groups based on their martensitic transformation temperatures: group I, transformation temperatures in the range of 100–400℃; group II, in the range of 400–700℃; and group III, above 700uC. In addition to the high transformation temperatures, potential high temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) must also exhibit acceptable recoverable transformation strain levels, long term stability, resistance to plastic deformation and creep, and adequate environmental resistance. These criteria become increasingly more difficult to satisfy as their operating temperatures increase, due to greater involvement of thermally activated mechanisms in their thermomechanical responses. Moreover, poor workability, due to the ordered intermetallic structure of many HTSMA systems, and high material costs pose additional problems for the commercialisation of HTSMAs. In spite of these challenges, progress has been made through compositional control, alloying, and the application of various thermomechanical processing techniques to the point that several likely applications have been demonstrated in alloys such as Ti–Ni–Pd and Ti–Ni–Pt. In the present work, a comprehensive review of potential HTSMA systems are presented in terms of physical and thermomechanical properties, processing techniques, challenges and applications.
机译：具有高转变温度的形状记忆合金（SMA）可以简化和提高许多设计用于在100uC以上的温度下运行的机械部件的运行效率，从而可能影响汽车，航空航天，制造和能源勘探行业。这些SMA种类繁多，根据其马氏体转变温度可分为三类：第一类，转变温度为100-400℃;第二类，转变温度为100-400℃。第二组，在400-700℃范围内;第三类，高于700uC。除了较高的转变温度外，潜在的高温形状记忆合金（HTSMAs）还必须表现出可接受的可恢复转变应变水平，长期稳定性，对塑性变形和蠕变的抵抗力以及足够的环境抵抗力。由于热激活机制更多地参与其热机械响应，因此随着它们的工作温度升高，这些标准变得越来越难以满足。此外，由于许多HTSMA系统的有序金属间结构，可加工性差，并且高昂的材料成本为HTSMA的商业化带来了其他问题。尽管存在这些挑战，但通过成分控制，合金化以及各种热机械加工技术的应用已经取得了进展，以至于已经在Ti-Ni-Pd和Ti-Ni-Pt等合金中证明了几种可能的应用。在当前的工作中，从物理和热机械性能，加工技术，挑战和应用方面对潜在的HTSMA系统进行了全面的综述。

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