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首页> 外文期刊>International Materials Reviews >Influence of manganese on mechanical properties, irradiation susceptibility and microstructure of ferritic steels, alloys and welds
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Influence of manganese on mechanical properties, irradiation susceptibility and microstructure of ferritic steels, alloys and welds

机译：锰对铁素体钢，合金和焊缝的力学性能，辐照敏感性和显微组织的影响

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摘要

The ferritic steels used world wide for nuclear pressure vessels and irradiated structures contain manganese but knowledge of the role of manganese is mainly confined to the unirradiated condition. Information from the mid 1950s to 2009 on the influence of manganese on unirradiated and irradiated properties is analysed. In unirradiated material manganese raises ambient strength, improves notched impact toughness, benefits high temperature strength, promotes dynamic strain aging and enhances creep resistance. However, by combining with carbon and by increasing phosphorus diffusion, manganese increases intergranular embrittlement after thermal aging. Neutron irradiated steels are deleteriously affected by manganese. First, the dose coefficients of irradiation hardening and embrittlement increase linearly with manganese, particularly in steels with uncombined nitrogen, and the morphology of irradiation induced interstitial loops is altered. Second, manganese occurs in irradiation induced Cu rich precipitates, altering their morphology and the associated hardening. Third, manganese becomes incorporated into irradiation enhanced Cu-Ni-Mn precipitates and Mn-Ni-Si nanoclusters that increase hardening and embrittlement at high doses. Finally, manganese segregates at grain boundaries under irradiation. Overall, the unirradiated benefits are outweighed by deleterious irradiation effects. These factors are important in supporting continued reactor operations, extending lifetimes of existing nuclear vessels and structures, improving steel specifications for advanced reactors and developing steels for nuclear fusion applications.
机译：全世界在核压力容器和辐照结构中使用的铁素体钢均含有锰，但对锰作用的认识主要限于未辐照条件。分析了从1950年代中期到2009年有关锰对未辐照和辐照性能的影响的信息。在未经辐照的材料中，锰可提高环境强度，提高缺口冲击韧性，有益于高温强度，促进动态应变时效并增强抗蠕变性。然而，通过与碳结合并通过增加磷的扩散，锰会增加热时效后的晶间脆化。中子辐照钢受锰的有害影响。首先，辐照硬化和脆化的剂量系数随锰线性增加，特别是在未结合氮的钢中，辐照引起的间隙环的形态发生了变化。其次，锰发生在辐射诱导的富铜沉淀物中，从而改变了它们的形态和相关的硬化。第三，锰被掺入辐射增强的Cu-Ni-Mn沉淀物和Mn-Ni-Si纳米团簇中，这些团簇在高剂量下会增加硬化和脆化。最后，锰在辐照下在晶界偏析。总体而言，有害的辐射效应超过了未辐射的益处。这些因素对于支持反应堆的持续运行，延长现有核反应堆和结构的使用寿命，改善先进反应堆的钢规格以及开发用于核聚变的钢来说至关重要。

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