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Cork: properties, capabilities and applications

机译：软木塞：属性，功能和应用

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摘要

Cork is a natural, renewable, sustainable raw material that has been used for many centuries. As a result of this very long term interest, the scientific literature on cork is extensive. The present review focuses on the chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties of cork and on its products and sub-products. The substantial efforts to fully characterise cork, as well as new developments and evolving research, are reviewed, beginning with its histology, growth and morphology (at macro- and microscales). The chemical structure is analysed in detail, covering both the materials that form the wall structure and the low molecular weight, extractable components. The unique properties of cork are discussed and correlated with current knowledge on morphology and chemical structure. Finally, the important industrial applications of cork are reviewed, in the context of research to provide cork with novel, high added-value applications.
机译：软木塞是一种天然，可再生，可持续的原材料，已经使用了多个世纪。由于这种长期的兴趣，有关软木塞的科学文献非常广泛。本综述着重于软木塞及其产品和副产品的化学成分，物理和机械性能。从软木的组织学，生长和形态（宏观和微观）入手，对充分表征软木的巨大努力以及新的发展和不断发展的研究进行了回顾。详细分析了化学结构，涵盖了形成壁结构的材料和低分子量可萃取组分。讨论了软木的独特特性，并将其与当前的形态和化学结构知识相关联。最后，在软木的研究背景下，对软木的重要工业应用进行了综述，以为软木提供新颖，高附加值的应用。

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