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Mechanical fatigue and fracture of Nitinol

机译：镍钛诺的机械疲劳和断裂

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摘要

Nitinol, a near equiatomic intermetallic of nickel and titanium, is the most widely known and used shape memory alloy. Owing to its capacity to undergo a thermal or stress induced martensitic phase transformation, Nitinol displays recoverable strains that are more than an order of magnitude greater than in traditional alloys, specifically as high as 10%. Since its discovery in the 1960s, Nitinol has been used for its shape memory properties for couplings and actuators, although its contemporary use has been in for medical devices. For these applications, the stress induced transformation ('superelasticity') has been used extensively for self-expanding implantable devices such as endovascular stents and vena cava filters, and for tools such as endodontic files. Most of these applications involve cyclically varying biomechanical stresses or strains that drive the need to fully understand the fatigue and fracture resistance of this alloy. Here we review the existing knowledge base on the fatigue of Nitinol, both in terms of their stress or strain life (total life) and damage tolerant (crack propagation) behaviour, together with their fracture toughness properties. We further discuss the application of such data to the fatigue design and life prediction methodologies for Nitinol implant devices used in the medical industry.
机译：镍钛诺是镍和钛的近等原子金属间化合物，是最广泛使用的形状记忆合金。由于镍钛诺经历热或应力引起的马氏体相变的能力，它显示出的可恢复应变比传统合金大出一个数量级以上，特别是高达10％。自1960年代发现以来，镍钛诺因其形状记忆特性而被用于联轴器和执行器，尽管其现代用途已用于医疗设备。对于这些应用，应力诱导的转变（“超弹性”）已广泛用于自扩张式可植入设备（例如血管内支架和腔静脉滤器）以及工具（例如牙髓锉）。这些应用中的大多数涉及周期性变化的生物力学应力或应变，这驱使人们需要充分了解这种合金的抗疲劳性和抗断裂性。在这里，我们回顾了有关镍钛诺疲劳的现有知识，包括其应力或应变寿命（总寿命）和耐损伤性（裂纹扩展）行为，以及断裂韧性特性。我们进一步讨论了这些数据在医疗行业中使用的镍钛诺植入设备的疲劳设计和寿命预测方法中的应用。

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