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首页> 外文期刊>European journal of wildlife research >Non-lead rifle hunting ammunition: issues of availability and performance in Europe
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Non-lead rifle hunting ammunition: issues of availability and performance in Europe

机译：无铅步枪狩猎弹药：在欧洲的可用性和性能问题

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摘要

Non-lead hunting rifle bullets were developed to make superior quality ammunition, and the need to reduce lead exposure of wildlife and humans. European and US hunters' concerns about non-lead bullets involve perceptions of availability, costs, efficacy, accuracy, toxicity, and barrel fouling. These concerns are politically powerful and, if not addressed, could thwart greater use of non-lead ammunition. Product availability (i.e. that which is made) of non-lead rifle ammunition in a wide range of calibres is large in Europe and is suited for all European hunting situations. At least 13 major European companies make non-lead bullets for traditional, rare, and novel rifle calibres. Local retail availability is now a function of consumer demand which relates, directly, to legal requirements for use. Costs of non-lead and equivalent lead-core hunting bullets are similar in Europe and pose no barrier to use. Efficacy of non-lead bullets is equal to that of traditional lead-core bullets. Perceptions of reduced accuracy and greater barrel fouling must be addressed by industry and hunter organizations and, if verified, resolved. Non-lead bullets are made in fragmenting and non-fragmenting versions, but there is no advice to hunters yet given on the use of these two bullet types. The non-toxicity of ingested metallic copper, the principal component of non-lead bullets, is scientifically well-established.
机译：开发无铅狩猎步枪子弹是为了制造出优质的弹药，以及减少野生动植物和人类铅接触的需求。欧美猎人对无铅子弹的担忧涉及对可用性，成本，功效，准确性，毒性和枪管结垢的感知。这些担忧在政治上是有力的，如果不加以解决，可能会阻碍无铅弹药的更多使用。在欧洲，各种口径的无铅步枪弹药的产品可用性（即制成品）很大，适合所有欧洲狩猎情况。至少有13家欧洲主要公司生产传统，稀有和新颖步枪机芯的无铅子弹。现在，本地零售可用性是消费者需求的函数，它直接与使用的法律要求有关。在欧洲，无铅和同等铅芯狩猎子弹的成本相近，使用时没有障碍。非铅子弹的功效与传统铅芯子弹的功效相同。工业界和猎人组织必须解决降低精度和增加桶污染的观念，如果经过验证，则应解决。无铅子弹分为碎片和非碎片两种版本，但是对于这两种类型的子弹的使用，目前尚没有向猎人的建议。摄入的金属铜（无铅子弹的主要成分）的无毒性在科学上已得到公认。

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