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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Cell Biology: Journal of Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Elektronenmikroskopie: Journal of Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zellbiologie >Construction of chimeric phagosomes that shelter Mycobacterium avium andCoxiella burnetii (phase II) in doubly infected mouse macrophages: anultrastructural study
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Construction of chimeric phagosomes that shelter Mycobacterium avium andCoxiella burnetii (phase II) in doubly infected mouse macrophages: anultrastructural study

机译：双重感染小鼠巨噬细胞中能掩盖鸟分枝杆菌和伯氏柯氏杆菌（II期）的嵌合吞噬体的构建：超微结构研究

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Dual infection of cells may divert pathogens to intracellular compartments different from those occupied in mono-infected cells. In the present studies, mouse bone marrow in vitro-derived macrophages were first infected with virulent Mycobacterium avium, which are normally singly lodged within tight phagosomes. These phagosomes do not mature; they undergo homotypic fusion with early endosomes and do not fuse with lysosomes. Seven days later, the cultures were superinfected with phase II (non-virulent) Coxiella burnetii, organisms sheltered in lysosome- (or prelysosome)-like, multi-occupancy phagosomes. The latter can attain large size and engage in efficient homo- and heterotypic fusion with other phagosomes. Cultures were fixed for transmission electron microscopy 6, 12, 24, and 48 h later. Other M. avium-infected cultures were superinfected with amastigotes of the trypanosomatid flagellate Leishmania amazonensis, which are also sheltered in lysosome- (or prelysosome)-like multi occupancy vacuoles, and fixed at the same time periods. Chimeric phagosomes containing both M. avium and C. burnetii, were found already at 6 h and the proportion of M. avium that colocalized with C. burnetii in the same phagosomes reached over 90 % after 48 h. In such phagosomes, both organisms were ultrastructurally well preserved. In contrast, colocalization of M. avium and L. amazonensis was rarely found. Speculative scenarios that could underlie the formation of chimeric phagosomes could involve delayed maturation of C. burnetii-containing phagosomes in presence of M. avium, which would allow for fusion of C. burnetii- and M. avium-containing phagosomes; the production, by C. burnetii, of molecules that upregulate the fusion of M. avium-containing phagosomes with those that contain C. burnetii; and the secretion of factors that could favour the survival of M. avium within chimeric vacuoles.
机译：细胞的双重感染可能会将病原体转移到不同于单感染细胞中的病原体的细胞内区室。在本研究中，小鼠骨髓体外巨噬细胞首先被有毒的鸟分枝杆菌感染，通常将其单独放置在紧密的吞噬体内。这些吞噬体尚未成熟。它们与早期的内体进行同型融合，并且不与溶酶体融合。七天后，培养物被II期（无毒力）伯氏柯氏杆菌（Coxiella burnetii）超级感染，该生物被溶酶体（或溶酶体）样的多居吞噬体所掩盖。后者可以达到较大的大小，并与其他吞噬体进行有效的同型和异型融合。在6、12、24和48小时后将培养物固定用于透射电子显微镜。其他感染鸟分枝杆菌的培养物均被锥虫马鞭毛鞭毛利什曼原虫亚马逊无鞭毛虫过度感染，后者也被溶在溶酶体（或溶酶体）样的多空泡中，并在同一时间段固定。已经在6 h处发现了同时含有鸟形支原体和伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌的嵌合吞噬体，在48 h之后，在同一吞噬体中与伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌共定位的鸟形支原体的比例达到90％以上。在这样的吞噬体中，两种生物都被超微结构保存良好。相反，很少发现鸟分枝杆菌和亚马逊乳杆菌的共定位。可能是嵌合吞噬体形成的推测性场景可能涉及在鸟形支原体存在下含伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌吞噬体的延迟成熟，这将允许融合含伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌和鸟形分支杆菌的吞噬体。伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌产生的分子可上调含鸟分枝杆菌的吞噬体与含伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌的吞噬体的融合。以及可能有助于鸟分枝杆菌在嵌合液泡中存活的因子的分泌。

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